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Electrolytes
Acid-Base
PN Complications
IV Therapy
Blood
100
A major cation of extracellular fluid. Normal values are 135-145 mEq/L
What is sodium
100
A pH less than 7.35 is indicative of this.
What is acidosis?
100
These are possible complications when placing a central line for parenteral nutrition.
What are pneumothorax and air embolism?
100
These fluids do not enter the cells because no osmotic force exists to shift the fluids.
What is isotonic solutions?
100
Crossmatching is not necessary for this transfusion as this product has few red blood cells.
What is platelets?
200
Changes either above or below normal can cause cardiovascular problems.
What is potassium?
200
pH 7.29 pCO2 55 HCO3 22 pO2 75
What is respiratory acidosis?
200
Routine blood glucose levels are necessary to avoid this potential PN complication.
What is hyperglycemia?
200
This type of solution causes the movement of water into the cells by osmosis.
What is hypotonic?
200
This type is considered the universal red blood cell donor.
What is O negative?
300
A tap on the cheek or inflating the cuff can test if this is low.
What is calcium?
300
An NG puts a patient at risk for this acid-base problem.
What is metabolic alkalosis?
300
Never increase the rate to 'catch up' if you want to avoid this potential complication.
What is hypervolemia?
300
D5NS is an example of this type of solution.
What is hypertonic?
300
This blood type is considered the universal recipient.
What is AB positive?
400
If this is low, calcium is often low as well.
What is magnesium?
400
This test is performed prior to drawing blood gases to assure collateral circulation.
What is the Allen's test?
400
If the PN runs out before the next bag arrives, 10% dextrose should be hung until a new bag of PN arrives to avoid this.
What is hypoglycemia?
400
Normal saline is an example of this type of solution.
What is isotonic?
400
Chills, diaphoresis, rashes, apprehension and headache are signs of this.
What is a transfusion reaction?
500
An elevated potassium causes this potential life threatening rhythm.
What is VTAC?
500
Being a diabetic puts a patient at an increased risk for this..
What is metabolic acidosis?
500
These should be infused slowly and have no additives put in this solution. This provides up to 30% of calorie needs and are ordered in addition to PN.
What are lipids?
500
This solution contains potassium and should not be administered to clients with renal failure.
What is Lactated Ringers (an isotonic solution)?
500
This occurs if a blood transfusion has been contaminated with microorganisms.
What is septicemia?