What is a repetitive low-level stresses to the tissues of the tendon. Overworking of the muscle and can occur in response to a previous ligamentous injury.
100
What does the patella do to the quads?
What is it is an anatomical pulley increasing the angle of pull and ability to generate extension torque.
100
The job of the menisci.
What is they provide greater contact area between femoral condyles and tibial plateau. They also distribute weight-bearing forces.
100
Both MCL and LCL are taut during knee extension thus resisting this motion.
What is hyperextension.
100
This part of the tibial-femoral joint engulfs the entire joint.
What is the Capsule.
200
The difference between Edema and Effusion.
What is Edema is synovial fluid within the soft tissue surrounding the joint capsule. Effusion is blood within the joint capsule.
200
Greatest hamstring force occurs when...
What is hips are flexed and hamstrings are lengthened over the joint.
200
Both menisci are peripherally connected to the tibial condyle via this.
What is the coronary ligaments.
200
Attachments of the ACL.
What is it originates from the anterior aspect of the tibia, passes under the transverse ligament and extends superiorly and posteriorly attaching to the posterior section of the inner aspect of the lateral femoral condyle.
200
Movement in the sagittal, frontal, and transverse planes creating this.
What is 3 degrees of freedom.
300
What are the closed packed and loose packed positions of the tibial-femoral joint?
What is
1. Closed-Packed- full extension
2. Loose-Packed- 20-30 degrees of Flexion with neutral
rotation.
300
Name the 7 knee flexors.
What is
1.Semimembranosus
2.Semitendinosus
3.Biceps femoris
4.Sartorius
5.Gracilis
6.Popliteus
7.Gastrocnemius
300
Meniscal horns are innervated by these.
What is Mechanoreceptors (1. Ruffini corpuscles 2.Pacinian Corpuscles and 3.Golgi Tendon organs)
as well as,
Nociceptors- can sense pain when meniscus is torn.
300
The two divisions of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament.
What is the
1.Anteriormedial Band (AMB)- lax in extension and taut in
flexion
2. Posterolateral Band (PLB). lax in flexion and taut in
extension
300
It is because of this that the Tibial-femoral joint is incongruent.
What is the uneven surfaces of the tibia (7-10 degrees of incline) and femur (Medial condyle is linger than the lateral).
400
Define Coupled Motions.
What is two motions that occur simultaneously, movements do not occur as pure sagittal plane motions but include frontal plane components as well.
1. Flexion is coupled with Adduction motions.
2. Extension is coupled with Abduction motions.
400
This pathology may cause inhibition of the Quads.
What is swelling.
400
The menisci's job during knee extension.
What is helps resist posterior femoral translation (anterior tibial translation).
400
The role of the ACL in knee flexion.
What is it creates an anterior translational force on the femoral condyles to prevent further posterior translation.
400
What are two special test for swelling or ACL. What tells you they are good tests?
What is Lachman's test (high Sn). Anterior Drawer Test (high SP).
500
The "locking or screw home mechanism" is described as...
What is when tibial tubercles become lodged in the intercondylar notch and the knee cannot simply flex but must medially rotate concurrently as flexion is initiated.
500
The muscle with the nick name "Key to the Knee" because it enhances leverage to initiate internal rotation and "unlocks the knee". (major part of the "screw home mechanism")
What is the Popliteus
500
Menisci's job during knee flexion.
What is increases stability of lateral side of joint and resists anterior translation of tibia.
500
The role of the PCL during knee extension.
What is it prevents further anterior progression of the femur by creating a posterior translational force on the femoral condyles.
500
These three bursae are continuous with the joint capsule.
What is the Suprapatellar Bursae, the Subpopliteal Bursae, and the Gastrocnemius Bursa.