100 points each.
List the four pieces of evidence that support evolution
fossils, similarities in early development, similarities in body structure, DNA similarities
100
Where did Darwin made many of his observations?
Galapagos islands
100
The number of different species in an area is called ______________________.
Biodiversity
100
_______________ occurs by natural selection.
evolution
100
Variation is any _____________________ between organisms of the same species.
Difference
200
This is the scientific theory that explains how living things descended from earlier organisms
Theory of evolution
200
T/F... Without variation, all the members of a species would have the same traits.
FALSE! Different traits
200
List one way that new species can form
isolation, mutations, etc.
200
This is the process through which individuals better suited to their environment are more likely to surivive and reproduce than other members of the same species.
Natural selection
200
What is the collective term for the millions of fossils that scientists have collected?
Fossil record
300
What are homologous structures?
Similar structures that are inherited from a common ancestor.
300
__________________ are traits that increase an organism's ability to survive and reproduce. They are passed down to offspring through _________________.
Adaptations; genes
300
Animals who are close to extinction are labeled as being _______________________.
Endangered.
300
(T/F) Natural selection is a result of environmental changes/ pressures (predation, competition, drought, etc.) while artificial selection is a result of human intervention
true
300
Overproduction, variation, and competition are the three main factors that lead to this.
Natural selection
400
Butterflies and birds both have wings. However, they are not homologous structures because they are not structured the same (bones, no bones, etc.). What are these called?
Analogous structures.
400
Give an example of artificial selection
Corn, dogs, etc.
400
As the number of niche's in an environment increases, so does the _______________________.
Biodiversity
400
There are a variety of finches with different beaks on the Galapagos islands. After a drought, there is only 1 type of food on ALL the islands. What will happen to the amount of variation within the bird populations?
It will decrease.
400
A dolphin's flipper, a bird's wing, and a dog's leg are all examples of these...
Homologous structures
500
Organism 'A' has the following DNA sequence: ATCGACT
Organism 'B' has the following DNA sequence: ATGGACT
Organism 'C' has the following DNA sequence: TAACGTC
Which organism is most closely related with organism A? Least closely related?
Organism B is closest. Organism C is least closely related.
500
From the evidence he collected, Darwin concluded that organisms on the Galapagos islands had a common ancestor that came from ________________________________.
South America
500
Factors that affect biodiversity include area, ____________, genetic diversity, and niche diversity
climate! Warmer areas have more biodiversity
500
Explain Darwin's hypothesis about why Finches had different sized/ shaped beaks from island to island.
Adapted to different food sources on their island.
500
Give an example of how environmental change can lead to evolution/ natural selection.
Pepper moths, Giraffes, Birds eating a certain color beetle, drought trees