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100
A new manager is implementing an initiative with the desired outcome to have the unit run more smoothly. What quality is the manager demonstrating? What is a. Being democratic b. Being a change agent c. Being unrealistic d. Being authoritarian
b. Being a change agent Rationale: The nurse serves as a change agent when she acts to bring about change & ensure the effectiveness of the unit atmosphere.
100
A supervisor is restricting the flow of communication between staff. This has resulted in the staff having two very opposite directions. The supervisor's actions are known as which type of force? What is a. Restraining force b. Opposing force c. Restrictive force d. Driving force
a. RESTRAINING FORCE RATIONALE: Restraining forces impede change because they push participants in opposite directions.
100
When trying to facilitate change in the staff, it is necessary to build trust and recognize the need for change. This type of action is known as which of the following, according to Lewin's Force-Field Model? What is a. Institutionalization b. Unfreeze of the system c. Moving the system to a new level d. Refreeze of the system
b. Unfreeze of the system Rationale: Unfreezing the existing equilibrium is the stage that motivates the participants and builds trust/recognition. Refreezing reinforces the new patterns of behavior.
100
Lippitt's phases of change are important factors in the change process. The phase that involves key people in data collection is known as: What is a. Assess the motivation. b. Choose a change agent. c. Diagnose the problem. d. Maintain the change.
c. Diagnose the problem Rationale: There are seven steps in Lippitt's phases of change. The first is the diagnosis of the problem, and it involves the key people in data collection and problem solving. The second step is assessing the motivation. Choosing a change agent is the fifth step. Maintaining the change is the sixth step.
100
After discussing alternatives to dressing change procedures to minimize discomfort, the nursing staff accepted a new procedure as part of the daily routine. This is an example of which stage of Havelock's model of change? What is a. Stabilization and self-renewal b. Choosing the solution c. Acquiring resources d. Building a relationship
a. Stabilization and self-renewal Rationale: Havelock's model starts with building a relationship. Acquiring resources and choosing the solution are middle steps. The final step, that of accepting the new procedure and moving on is stabilization and self-renewal.
200
In determining a way to make shift change more effective for the nurse and the client, a hospital implemented a course of action. After a week of implementation, the decision was deemed inappropriate. What step of Roger's diffusion of innovations is this? What is A. Persuasion B. Implementation C. Confirmation D.Knowledge
C. Confirmation Rationale: The stage of confirmation seeks reinforcement of the action taken. In the implementation stage, the innovation is put to use, & reinvention or alterations may occur. In persuasion stage, a favorable (or unfavorable) attitude toward the innovation forms. In the knowledge stage, the decision-making unit is introduced to the innovation and begins to understand it.
200
The changes brought forth by the state boards of nursing are an example of which type of change agent? What is a. Empirical–rational b. Power–coercive c. Normative-reeducative d. Resistance
b. Power–coercive Rationale: Power–coercive strategies are based on the application of power by a legitimate authority. In the empirical–rational model of change strategies, the power ingredient is knowledge. The assumption is that people are rational, and will follow their rational self-interest if that self-interest is made clear to them. Normative–re-educative strategies of change rest on the assumption that people act in accordance with social norms and values. Resistance is opposing the change.
200
When is the time to make people think about the routines that have been previously followed and to consider what might be a better plan of action? What is a. Collection of Data b. Identification c. Planning d. Analyzing data
c. Planning Rationale: Planning is the time to make people uncomfortable with the norm.
200
Even though this is not easy, facilitating ________ is a mandatory skill for all nurse managers and is crucial in the success of the manager. What is a. change b. the change cycle c. proper use of bed pan d. a luncheon for their favorite coworkers
a. change Rationale: Successful change agents demonstrate certain characteristics that can be cultivated and mastered with practice. Making change is a mandatory skill for managers.
200
Change is a mandatory skill for managers. Successful change agents display certain characteristics. Some of these characteristics are: (Select all that apply.) What is a. Envisioning skills b. Empowerment c. Trustworthiness d. Confidence e. Energy
c. Trustworthiness e. Energy d.Confidence Rationale: Energy, confidence, realistic thinking, and trustworthiness are among the characteristics that successful change agents demonstrate.
300
The process of making something different from what it was.
What is change?
300
One who works to bring about change.
What is a change agent?
300
Behaviors that facilitate change by pushing participants in the desired direction.
What are Driving Forces?
300
A change agent strategy based on the assumption that people are rational and follow self-interest if that self-interest is made clear.
What is Empirical-rational model?
300
A change agent strategy based on the assumption that people act in accordance with social norms and values.
What is Normative-reeducative strategies ?
400
Change agent strategies based on the application of power by legitimate authority, economic sanctions, or political clout.
What is Power-coercive strategies?
400
Behaviors that impede change by discouraging participants from making specified changes.
What are Restraining forces?
400
The periods of time between the current situation and when change is implemented.
What are Transitions?
400
Unfreezing, Moving, & Refreezing
What are 3 step process for Lewin?
400
The first step in the Change Process?
What is Assessment?
500
The nurse manager is facing resistance to change from many staff nurses. Why should the manager work hard to address this resistance? What is a. Resistance will keep the change from occurring at all. b. Resistance from the late majority can keep others from accepting the change. c. Resistance can negatively impact future client care. d. Resistance allows others to take power from managers
c. Resistance can negatively impact future client care. Rationale: Client care is always the most important reason that nurses do what they do. If the change does not improve client care in some respect, is it worth the effort? If resisters interrupt the work of the unit or refuse to provide care as directed by the change, the quality of care may suffer.
500
The second step in the Change Process?
What is Planning?
500
The third step in the Change Process
What is Implementation?
500
The fourth step in the Change Process
What is Evaluation?
500
The theorist who uses the Force-Field Model
Who is Lewin?