rubbing, grinding, and bumping of rocks that cause physical weathering
100
What is acid rain?
a form of precipitation containing acid, which forms when carbon dioxide gas in the air dissolves in water droplets
100
What is basalt?
A dark rock formed from cooling lava
100
What is clay?
the smallest category of rock pieces; component of soil
100
Why do some particles of earth material settle quicker than others?
Large particle size is heavier
200
What is a chemical reaction?
a process in which two or more materials mix in a way that forms new materials
200
What is chemical weathering?
the process by which the minerals in a rock can change due to chemicals in water and air; can break rocks apart
200
What is an earth material?
any natural resource that makes up earth, including soil and water
200
What does it mean to expand?
when the volume of a substance increases or gets bigger
200
What is a canyon?
V- shaped gorge with steep sides eroded by a stream.
300
What is the difference between lava and magma?
When magma reaches the Earth's surface, it becomes lava
300
What are the layers of Earth?
Inner core, outer core, mantle, and crust
300
What landform is likely to form if a river pours into an ocean and earth materials are deposited over a wide area?
Delta
300
What is physical weathering?
the process by which rocks are broken down by breaking and banging
300
What does humus do for soil?
provides nutrients and helps soil retain water
400
How do big rocks break into smaller rocks? Be specific.
Chemical weathering and physical weathering--a combination of both (abrasion, freeze thaw, oxidation, chemical reaction, carbonation in water, acid rain).
400
What is deposition?
The settling of settlements.
400
What is the main source of chemical weathering and how does it happen?
water-it can dissolve some of the minerals that hold rock together
400
What is the difference between weathering and erosion? Why are they often confused?
Weathering is the breaking down of rocks and erosion is the carrying away of broken down rocks. Weathering often occurs during erosion.
400
How can air play a part in chemical weathering?
Oxygen in the air reacts with earth materials (like bronze and iron) causing them to break down
500
How do volcanic eruptions create new land?
They add new rock to Earth's surface
500
How does gravity play a part in weathering rocks?
Rocks are pulled down, such as in landslides, causing abrasion and breaking/cracking
500
Name four events that change Earth's surface rapidly.