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Recent Arrivals with Adequate Schooling
Perspectives on Failure
Schumanns factors that influence social distance
Types of mediation
Orientation toward language
100
Recent arrivals less than 5 years in the U.S., typically in grades 2-12, adequate school in native country. Soon catch up on academics. May still score low on standardized tests given in english. Social and economic factors can influence positively or negatively.
What is Newly arrived with adequate schooling
100
certain groups fail to do well because they are ______ not because of any factors in the environment.
What is genetic inferiority
100
Social distance is increased when the two groups are very different culturally, and the distance decreases when the two groups are similar.
What is cultural congruence
100
tells students how or what to do or gives students information to learn and then apply
What is direct instruction
100
language is seen as a problem that must be overcome for school success.
What is language as a handicap
200
interrupted or limited native language literacy. Below grade level in math. Poor academic achievement. Social and economic factors can influence positively or negatively.
What is newly arrived with limited formal schooling
200
when certain cultural groups fail to do well because their _____ is seen as _______
What is cultural deficit
200
Social distance is increased when the learner group is tight-knit, and social distance is reduced when the learner group experiences less social distance.
What is cohesiveness
200
using verbal strategies by asking/answering students questions, probing, pointing out aspects of a problem
What is verbal scaffold
200
ELL's have a right to use their language, but schools do not need to develop it.
What is language as a right
300
Seven or more years in the U.S..Typically in grades 6-12. Limited literacy in both native language and English. Some may get adequate grades but, score low on tests.
What is long term english learner
300
certain cultures fail to achieve because their culture is different from mainstream culture not because of any factors in the environment
What is cultural mismatch
300
social distance is greatest when there is a pattern of limited integration between the two cultures, and it decreases when there is a greater integration.
What is integration pattern
300
graphic organizers, charts, maps, timelines, etc.
What is visual scaffolding
300
ELL's first languages are resources are resources that should be developed fully
What is language as a resource
400
Recent arrivals in grades K-1. Students in grades K-5 who have lived in the U.S. most of their lives and begin their schooling speaking a language other than English.
What is potential long-term English learner
400
certain groups fail to achieve because of the complex interaction of many factors including background experiences, social factors, and school setting.
What is contextual interaction
400
social distance is greatest when one group dominates the other.
What is social dominance
400
collaborative groups, bilingual pairs, hands-on activities with manipulatives
What is physical scaffolding
400
submersion, structured English immersion or ESL
What is language as a handicap program
500
Struggle with content classes. Often have been retained and are at risk of dropping out. Have had ESL or bilingual instruction, but no consistent program.
What is long-term English learner
500
contextual interaction
What is multiple cause and context specific
500
social distance decreases when _____ is lower
What is enclosure
500
shows through actions or materials how students should do something
What is model
500
transitional or maintenance bilingual education
What is language as a right program