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Heredity

100

When a homozygous recessive organism mates with a heterozygote, an offspring will have this percent chance of expressing the recessive phenotype.

50%

200

This principle, developed by Gregor Mendel, states that traits are controlled by discrete genetic units, and that offspring inherit one unit from each parent.

Principle of Segregation

300

This term describes the condition in which the phenotype of the heterozygote appears intermediate to the two homozygous phenotypes.

Incomplete dominance

400

This term describes a common situation in which a phenotypic trait is influenced by two or more genes.

Polygenic inheritance

500

In a dihybrid cross (a cross between two organisms that are each heterozygous for two traits), this fraction describes the frequency of offspring expected to express the dominant allele for both traits.

9/16

DNA Structure & Replication

100

These DNA fragments are formed on the lagging strand during DNA replication.

Okazaki fragments

200

Because DNA can only be synthesized in the 5’ to 3’ direction, this strand must be built in fragments.

Lagging strand

300

Before DNA can be replicated, this enzyme unzips the DNA strand by breaking down the hydrogen bonds between base pairs, forming replication forks.

DNA helicase

400

This term describes the portions of eukaryotic DNA which are spliced out of the RNA transcript before translation.

Introns

500

This experiment demonstrated the semiconservative nature of DNA replication.

Meselson-Stahl Experiment

Mitosis & Meiosis

100

When a cell undergoes meiosis, this number of daughter cells is/are produced.

4

200

If a cell with 6 chromosomes undergoes mitosis, the daughter cells will have this number of chromosomes.

6

300

This process describes the exchange of genetic information between non-sister chromatids during meiosis.

Crossing over

400

This process describes the division of the cytoplasm into daughter cells after mitosis or meiosis.

Cytokinesis

500

DNA replication occurs during this phase of the cell cycle.

Interphase

Central Dogma

100

During this process, mRNA is synthesized in order to copy the DNA code.

Transcription

200

According to the central dogma, DNA --> RNA --> _____.

Proteins (or polypeptides)

300

Retroviruses, such as HIV, use this process, in which DNA is synthesized from an RNA template.

Reverse transcription

400

How would the genetic code GCCATT be transcribed into mRNA?

CGGUAA

500

This type of asexual reproduction occurs when unfertilized eggs hatch and develop into new organisms.

Parthenogenesis