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Vocabulary
Radiation Effects
Discovery Radiation
Radiation Physics
General
100
what does ALARA stand for?
as low as reasonably achievable
100
True or False. Somatic effects are passed down to future generations.
Flase
100
Who discovered the X-ray?
Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
100
which particles compose the nucleus of an atom?
Neurons and protons
100
what is the formula for the maximum accumulated lifetime dose?
(N-18)x5 rems/year
200
The focal spot in the anode
Tungsten target
200
What is the difference between acute and chronic radiation exposure?
Acute: large dose absorbed over a short period of time. Chronic: small dose repeatedly absorbed over a long period of time
200
On what day and year was the X-ray discovered?
November 8th, 1895
200
What is matter?
Anything that occupies space and has form or shape
200
what are the components of a dental x-ray machine?
Tubehead PID (position indicator device) Extension arm Control panel
300
High energy ionizing elctromagnetic radiation
x-radiation
300
Changes from genetic effects can cause what?
Genetic mutations
300
what dentist is credited with the first practical used of radiographs in dentistry in 1896?
C. Edmund Kells
300
An atom consists of what two parts?
central nucleus and orbiting electrons
300
how long is the reporting period before the badge is returned to the monitoring service company?
every 3-4 weeks
400
The sudden deceleration of electrons as they interact with highly positively charged nuclei
Bremsstrahlung radiation
400
What are the four critical organs?
Skin, thyroid gland, lens of the eye, bone marrow
400
Roentgen was awarded the first Nobel Prize ever awarded in Physics in what year?
1901
400
What can X-rays disturb?
Orbiting electrons
400
what level of radiation sensitivity does mature bone, cartilage, salivary & thyroid gland, kidney and liver fall under?
Fairly low
500
The release of electrons from the tungsten filament when the electrical current passes through it
Thermionic emission
500
Which three types of cells have the highest sensitivity to radiation?
Small lymphocyte, bone marrow, reproductive cells
500
introduction of F-speed intraoral film was in what year?
2003
500
True or False Dental X-rays do not effect the tightly bound nucleus of the atom
True
500
Which X-rays are harmful to the patient and are not useful in producing a diagnostic equality image?
Aluminum Filtration