Established precedent of federalizing Bill of Rights (applying them to the states); states cannot deny freedom of speech--protected through due process clause of Amendment 14
What is Gitlow v. New York
100
Article I, section 8 gives Congress the power to pass all laws "necessary and proper" to carry out its enumerated powers. These powers are known
What is implied powers
100
Government in which citizens vote on laws and select officials directly.
What is Direct Democracy
200
legislation enacted by Congress during the Johnson administration, banning segregation in public facilities
What is Civil Rights Act of 1964
200
First ten amendments to the Constitution; major source of civil liberties; applies to states via selective incorporation doctrine; promised to Anti-Federalists to secure ratification of Constitution
What is bill of rights
200
The first major federalism decision by the Marshall Court was
What is McCulloch v. Maryland
200
The idea that the rights of the nation are supreme over the rights of the individuals who make up the nation.
What is Statism
300
black and white civil rights activists who traveled together on interstate buses through the South in 1961.
What is Freedom Riders
300
1st Amendment clause: Congress cannot "establish" a religion.
What is Establishment Clause
300
The right to regulate for the public health and welfare of its citizens are reserved to the states by the
What is 10th amendment
300
The idea that a just government must derive its powers from the consent of the people it governs.
What is Popular consent
400
Judicial doctrine that applies the Bill of Rights (one right at a time) to state and local governments by incorporating them into the concept of liberty in the 14th Amendment's Due Process Clause
What is Selective Incorporation Doctrine
500
test one's ability to read and write; administered to Black voters who tried to register in the South
What is Literacy Test
500
Bill of rights does not apply to States, overturned by Gitlow
What is Barron v. Baltimore
500
Banned formal prayer in schools, government would not make any religion the 'official' religion;
What is Engel v. Vitale
500
racial segregation was constitutional
What is racial segregation was constitutional
500
The idea that a just government must derive its powers from the consent of the people it governs.