Information Processing and Cognitive Theories of Learning
Effective Lessons
Assessing Student Learning
100
4 Stages in order:
Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Concrete Operational
Formal Operational
What is Piaget's Stages of Cognitive Development
100
Practice of rewarding or recognizing a child for doing something well or correctly.
What is a reinforcer? (or positive reinforcement)
100
Like money, this is a limited resource in the classroom.
What is Attention?
100
Method of teaching where teacher gives information directly to students through goal oriented and structured teaching.
What is Direct Instruction?
100
First place to turn when writing a lesson plan.
What are the Texas Essential Knowledge and Skills (T.E.K.S.)
200
Stage of Development where abstract thinking is possible
What is the Formal Operational Stage
200
Pleasant or unpleasant conditions that follow behaviors and affect the frequency of future behaviors.
What is consequences?
200
The component of memory in which limited amounts of information can be stored for a few seconds
What is short-term or working memory?
200
Intentional practice of bridging the gap between curriculum objectives and student experiences.
What is making connections?
200
Formal or informal testing of knowledge of instructional objectives.
What is Assessment?
300
Support for learning and problem solving where the teacher gradually releases them towards independence.
What is Scaffolding
300
Famous behavioral theorist who, in an experiment, used ringing a bell as a conditioned stimulus to get dogs to salivate without the presence of meat.
Who is (Ivan) Pavlov?
300
Mental repetition of information for the purpose of retention.
What is rehearsal?
300
Procedure that includes steps such as focus, objective, assessment and modifications.
What is lesson planning?
300
Ordering of objectives from simple learning to more complex. Also good reference for using action verbs in writing lesson plans.
What is Bloom's Taxonomy?
400
Mrs. Bogdon was given an Individualized Education Program (IEP) for one of her students. It says that the student is to use a red overlay during all reading activities. This is an example of a teaching practice.
What is Accomodation
400
The acquisition of abilities that are not innate.
What is Learning?
400
When information gets mixed up with, or pushed aside by other information during the process of learning.
What is Interference?
400
Information that children need to have as they start learning about new information
What is prerequisite knowledge?
400
Most useful and flexible of all test forms. Used widely in schools today.
What is multiple-choice?
500
Area of development where assisted learning takes place for students and where they can do new tasks that are within their capabilities only with a teacher's or peer's assistance.
What is Zone of Proximal Development or ZPD?
500
Consequences that weaken behavior.
What is Punishment?
500
A level of rapidity and ease such that tasks can be performed or skills can be used with little effort.
What is Automaticity?
500
System of learning where students work by themselves to demonstrate and practice new learning.
What is Independent Practice?
500
Method of scoring performance assessments that includes detailed gradient scoring that may range from 0-5 (for example). May be given to students at beginning of assignment.