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People
Learning
Brains
100
This person said: “At the heart of science is a balance between an openness to new ideas and the most ruthless skeptical scrutiny of all ideas.”
Who is Carl Sagan?
100
A kid is standing in the middle of a parade and accidentally raises his arms in the air. The crowd goes wild! He raises his hands again, and the crowd cheers again. The kid now knows that the crowd will cheer every time he raises his arms. What kind of conditioning is this?
What is operant conditioning?
100
The concept that the mind is distinct from the body, that there is something immaterial about the mind that separates it from our basic biology.
What is dualism?
200
This person described the "Principle of Association"
Who is David Hume?
200
Dwight begins to salivate every time he hears Jim's computer reboot. In this classical conditioning experiment, the ____ stimulus is the sound of the reboot, and the ______ stimulus is the mint.
What are conditioned stimulus; unconditioned stimulus?
200
There are two kinds of photoreceptors in your eyes: _____ detect hi-definition colors; ______ detect light.
What are cones and rods?
300
This person described the "Astonishing Hypothesis": “You, your joys and your sorrows, your memories and your ambitions, your sense of personal identity and free will, are in fact no more than the behavior of a vast assembly of nerve cells and their associated molecules."
Who is Francis Crick?
300
A slot machine is programmed to randomly result in a jackpot, rather than resulting in a jackpot after a set amount of lever pulls. A slot machine uses this kind of reinforcement schedule.
What is variable ratio?
300
This strategy measures neural activity directly (e.g., not a secondary consequence of brain activity, such as blood oxygen).
What is single cell electrophysiology?
400
This kind of operant conditioning is in effect when we buckle our seatbelts to stop our cars from beeping.
What is negative reinforcement?
500
I'm trying to teach my cat to drink from the faucet. I start by giving her a treat every time she's in the kitchen, then by giving her a treat every time she's near the sink, then every time she's near the faucet. I'm using Skinner's method of _______.
What is shaping?