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Cell Cycle
DNA
Protein Synthesis
Mutations
True/ False
100
How does the parent cell compare to the two daughter cells produced in Mitosis?
They are identical!
100
What are the monomers of DNA? Draw one!
nucleotides (see board)
100
What is one similarity between DNA and RNA?
made of nucleotides, nucleic acids, include phosphate, include G, C, A, can be found in nucleus,
100
What occurs in a mutation?
ANY change in organism's DNA
100
Mutations are mostly harmful
FALSE. Most mutations are neutral (have no effect)
200
Before the mitotic phase of the cell cycle, the cell must undergo DNA replication during ____
the S phase
200
Complementary DNA strand after replication: 3' ATT GCA 5' What is the original DNA strand?
Original DNA strand: 5' TAA CGA 3'
200
What is the source code of transcription?
DNA
200
A mutation that affects every amino acid following an insertion or deletion is called a(n)
frameshift mutation
200
All organisms have protein made of the same amino acids
TRUE
300
Which phase involves sister chromatids in each duplicated chromosome separating and pulled in opposite directions by the spindle fibers?
Anaphase
300
What are the base pairing rules of DNA?
Adenine - Thymine, Guanine - Cytosine
300
An mRNA sequence is AUG CCU. What is the DNA that coded for this mRNA?
TAC GGA
300
Name a substitution mutation that would code for the same amino acid as UUU.
UUC (both code for phenylalanine)
300
Uracil is found in DNA
FALSE. Uracil is found in RNA
400
What stage of the cell cycle divides identical sister chromatids?
Mitosis (Anaphase)
400
How is DNA like a blueprint for a building?
it stores the code or plans to make proteins
400
When would you see tRNA in protein synthesis?
Translation-- It is a type of RNA that carries each amino acid to a ribosome during protein synthesis
400
Original DNA: CAG ATG GTA Mutated DNA: CAG ATT GTA How is the PROTEIN affected by this substitution mutation?
causes a premature stop codon- the protein will be short.
400
All organisms have the same nucleotide sequences
FALSE. All organisms have DIFFERENT nucleotide sequences
500
Draw and label a cell in Metaphase
See board
500
The _______ of the nitrogen bases determines an organism's traits or characteristics
sequence
500
What are the key steps in gene expression and where do they occur?
Transcription (nucleus) and Translation (cytoplasm)
500
Which is a silent mutation, and what type of mutations are more likely to be silent?
Silent mutation codes for the same amino acid as the original strand of DNA. Point mutations are more likely to be silent.
500
All organisms have DNA made of different nucleotides
FALSE. All organisms have DNA made of the SAME nucleotides