This CO2 sink absorbs approximately one-third of the excess carbon dioxide injected into the atmosphere
What is the ocean
100
This variable was applied in greater abundance in previous studies
What is irradiance
100
This species had increased productivity at intermediate CO2
What is Acropora intermedia
100
Weight increases due to this process
What is calcification
100
Two major challenges that increase CO2 concentration which effect coral-reef building organims
What is increased sea temperature which leads to increased severity of coral bleaching and decreased pH of ocean waters can compromise calcium carbonate accretion by organisms
200
This chemical reaction:
CO2(atmos)→←CO2(aq) + H2O→←H2CO3→←H+ + HCO−3→←2H+ + CO2− demonstrates this phenomenon
What is oceanic CO2 uptake
200
Loss of intracellular endosymbionts through either expulsion or loss or algal pigmentation
What is coral bleaching
200
These factors caused an initial loss of pigmentation in corals result in increased productivity per remnant symbiont or per chlorophyll
What is increasing temperature and internal light field
200
This led to 130% and 190% reductions in calcification rates relative to control conditions at high and low temperatures
What is high CO2 dosing
200
Primary cause of increasing atmospheric CO2
What is human fossil fuel combustion
300
Impacts the overall structure and function of marine ecosystems and may have significant changes and consequences in the future
What is ocean acidification
300
Changes to the carbon-concentrating mechanism, photorespiration, and/or direct impact of acidosis
What is are the processes that may induce bleaching
300
Hourly rates of photosynthesis minus respiration integrated over the day
What is daily productivity
300
This species was most sensitive to changes in CO2 and temperature as indicated by a significant decrease in calcification
What is porolithon onkodes
300
Category IV, 520-700 ppm and category VI, 1000-1300 ppm
What is are the high and low CO2 stabilization scenarios
400
Four biogeochemical dynamics will likely be affected by ocean acidification
What is calcium carbonate, organic C, nitrogen, and phosphorus
400
This characteristic of the species Porolithon onkodes renders it more susceptible to bleaching
What is autotrophy
400
Variation in this process caused a significant change in productivity
What is photosynthesis
400
Many studies have demonstrated that decreasing aragonite saturation causes a decreased rate in this process
What is coral calcification
400
This carbon compound can be taken up by many aquatic organisms using carbonic anhydrase to produce CO2 to rubisco for carbon fixation