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Genetics
Chemistry of Life
Cells
Human Health and Physiology
Nucleic Acids and Proteins
100
A change in the base sequence of a gene. Point mutations affect only individual bases. Bases can be deleted, inserted or substituted.
Define gene mutation
100
compounds containing carbon that are found in living organisms.
Define organic
100
nm (unit of measure)
What is a nanometer?
100
when food molecules pass through a layer of cells such as passing through the villi.
What is absorption?
100
is the synthesis of a strand RNA using a strand of the DNA as a template. An enzyme (RNA polymerase) moves along the DNA strand, temporarily unwinding the double strands.
What is transcription?
200
Chromosomes which have the same arrangement of genes as each other. The actual base sequence of these genes may differ, however, resulting in different alleles of those genes.
Define homologous chromosomes
200
Globular proteins used to catalyze chemical reactions.
What is an enzyme?
200
chemical reactions inside the cell, including cell respiration to release energy
What is metabolism?
200
when food actually becomes part of the body's tissue.
What is assimilation?
200
DNA is bonded to proteins called...
What is a histone?
300
The alleles of an organism
What is a Genotype?
300
The binding site on the surface of an enzyme where catalysis occurs.
What is the active site of an enzyme?
300
Measured Size of Diagram รท Actual Size of Object
What is magnification?
300
Nutrients Oxygen Carbon Dioxide Hormones Antibodies Urea.
What are 6 things that are transported by the blood?
300
a section of DNA wrapped around eight smaller protein molecules called histones. Another histone seals the octamer of histones to the DNA double strand molecule.
What is a nucleosome?
400
A structural change in a protein that results in a loss of its biological properties. This can be caused by pH or by temperature.
What is denaturation?
400
the mitotic spindle (made from microtubules) starts growing (going from pole to pole).Chromatin coil up to form distinct chromosomes. (Each chromosome contains two identical sister chromatids, attached to each other at the centromere region.) The nuclear envelope starts breaking down.
What is prophase?
400
an organism or a virus that causes a disease.
What is a pathogen?
400
DNA replication occurs in...
What is the 5' to 3' direction?
500
Two alleles of each gene separate into different gametes.
What is Mendel's Law of Segregation
500
The active site for an enzyme is very specific in shape, with very precise chemical properties. Active sites match the shape of their substrates. Other molecules do not fit or do not have the same chemical properties.
What is enzyme-substrate specificity?
500
Bone marrow transplants. They only work because what you are actually transplanting is the hematopoetic stem cells in the marrow. And peripheral blood stem cells, as well as cord blood stem cells, can be used in lieu of bone marrow, making being a donor FAR easier today than in decades past.
What is the therapeutic use of stem cells?
500
needed in order to obtain oxygen for living organisms and to get rid of carbon dioxide. Surface diffusion utilized by many smaller organisms is not sufficient in supplying the oxygen needs of the body. It is also needed to maintain a concentration gradient in the alveoli.
What is the ventilation system?
500
Transport. Contraction of muscles. Catalyze reactions. Hormones. Antibodies. Support through structural proteins.
What are the 6 functions of proteins?