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Generic
Brand
Quiz
Major Classes of Antibiotic Drugs
Chapter Terms
100
Augmentin
amoxicillin-clavulanate
100
sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim
Bactrim
100
What are two general signs that an infection is bacterial in origin? a) a fever above 98.6 degrees Fahrenheit and a runny nose b) blood in sputum and chills c) aches and fevers (above 100.2 degrees Fahrenheit) d) white blood cell count above 12,000 and fever above 101 degrees Fahrenheit
d) white blood cell count above 12,000 and fever above 101 degrees Fahrenheit Two classic signs of a bacterial infections are a fever above 101 degrees Fahrenheit and a white blood cell count above 12,000 per cubic millimeter.
100
kill bacteria by preventing them from forming a rigid cell wall, thereby allowing an excessive amount of water to enter through osmosis and cause lysis of the bacterium cell
penicillin
100
to be used in the eye
ophthalmic
200
Cipro
ciprofloxacin
200
Cleocin
clindamycin
200
What are two major side effects of aminoglycosides? a) drowsiness and rash b) pain and fever c) nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity d) anaphylaxis and heartburn
c) nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity
200
a class of broad-spectrum bacteriostatic antibiotics that are produced by soil organisms and inhibit protein synthesis by binding to bacterial ribosomes
tetracyclines
200
low blood pressure
hypotension
300
Sumycin
tetracycline
300
Biaxin
clarithromycin
300
What was the first class of antibiotics? a) sulfonamides b) tetracyclines c) cephalosporin d) quinolones e) macrolides
a) sulfonamides In 1936, the first true antibiotic, sulfonamide, was discovered.
300
a class of bacteriostatic antibiotics that inhibit protein synthesis by combining with ribosomes; used primarily to treat pulmonary infections caused by Legionella and gram-positive organisms
macrolide
300
acquired by patients in a hospital
nosocomial
400
Ancef
cefazolin
400
Cefzil
cefprozil
400
What is the biggest challenge in developing a new antibiotic? a) keeping the cost low as possible b) finding a way to make the draw water soluble c) killing the bacteria without harming the patient d) assuring distribution to all tissues in the body including heart, brain, and muscle e) making sure it is bactericidal
c) killing the bacteria without harming the patient
400
a class of bacteriostatic antibiotics that work by blocking a specific step in the biosynthetic pathway of folic acid in the bacteria
sulfonamides
400
contracted outside of the hospital
community-acquired
500
Levaquin
levofloxacin
500
Veetids
penicillin V
500
Which of the following drugs is a monobactam? a) entapenem b) meropenem c) loracarbef d) aztreonam
d) aztreonam Aztreonam, a monobactam, is used to treat serious infections, particularly in the urinary tract. One major disadvantage of the drug is a lack of cross-allergenicity with other beta lactam antibiotics.
500
a new class of antibiotics that bind to bacterial membranes and cause the cell membrane to depolarize, thus leading to an inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis
cyclic lipopeeptide
500
a drug that inhibits the growth or multiplication of bacteria
bacteriostatic