are the objects described by a set of data ; may be people, but they may also be animals or things
What is Individuals
100
observes individuals and measures variables of interest but does not attempt to influence the responses
What is Observational Study
100
measures an outcome of a study
What is Response Variable
100
is a # that describes the population ; a fixed #, but in practice we do not know its value because we cannot examine the entire population
What is Parameter
100
if individual outcomes are uncertain but there is nonetheless a regular distribution of outcomes in a large number of repetitions
What is Random
200
is any characteristic of an individual ; can take different values for different individuals
What is Variable
200
deliberately imposes some treatment on individuals in order to observe their responses
What is Experiment
200
Attempts to explain the observed outcomes
What is Explanatory Variable
200
is a number that describes a sample
What is Statistic
200
of any outcome of a random phenomenon is the proportion of times the outcome would occur in a very long series of repetitions
What is Probability
300
the _____ of a variable tells us what values the variable takes and how often it takes these values
What is Distribution
300
the entire group of individuals that we want information about is called this
What is Population
300
Two variables are ______ _______ when above - average values of one tend to accompany above - average values of the other and below - average values also ten to occur together
What is positively associated
300
os a statistic is the distribution of values taken by the statistic in all possible samples of the same size from the same population
What is Sampling Distribution
300
random phenomenon is the set of all possible outcomes
What is Sample Space S
400
in any graph of data is an individual observation that falls outside the overall pattern of the graph
What is Outlier
400
is a part of the population that we actually examine in order to gather information
What is Sample
400
Two variable are _______ ________ when the above - average values of one tend to accompany below average values of the other, and vice versa
What is Negatively Associated
400
a statistic used to estimate a parameter is _____ is the mean of its sampling distribution is equal to the true value of the parameter being estimated
What is unbiased
400
is any outcome or a set of outcomes of a random phenomenon
What is Event
500
A distribution is ____ if the right and left sides of the histogram are approximately mirror images of each other
What is Symmetric
500
attempts to contact every individual in the entire population
What is Census
500
Measures the direction and strength of the linear relationship between 2 quantitive variables
What is Correlation
500
is described by the spread of its sampling distribution. This spread is determined by the sampling design and the size of the sample
What is Variability of a Statistic
500
is a mathematical description of a random phenomenon consisting of two parts: a sample space S and a way of assigning probabilities to events