RANDOM + DRUGS
What is a drug that is given prophylactically for enucleations?
What is tetanus
3 indications for exenteration?
What is
Trauma, infection, neoplasia or pain (ulcers, glaucoma, uveitis)
What is the first step of surgery after prep and draping?
Suture the eyelids closed with 2-0 or 0 suture on a cutting needle
Nerve block is used to provide local anesthesia for upper eyelid surgery
Supraorbital nerve block
How to prevent animal from rubbing eye post surgery?
What is
put on a fly mask
What should be removed to prevent animal from producing tears?
What is
Third eyeild and its gland
Benefits of standing surgery?
What is
Increases safety by decreasing the liklihood of extensive hemorrhage and risks of anesthesia and recovery.
This block helps with eye examination, numbing the eye muscles but provides no analgesia
What is
Auriculopalpebral nerve
Sutures removed in?
What is
10-14 days.
What do we do instead of ligating the ocular artery?
What is
Closing the skin fast to create pressure for hemostasis (the pressure builds up and stops the arterial flow)
Whenever dissecting, use what instrument as much as possible?
What is
Using scissors instead of a scalpel. The tissue trauma associated with scissors activates the clotting cascade and bleeding is lessened
What is a way to know if the block has worked?
pupil dilation
Where does SCC usually grow on the eye?
What is:
Starts on the lids or limbus and is locally invasive but slow to metastasize.
Common complications?
What is
Contamination
Infection
Incomplete closure
Tumor recurrence
What will you use to close the cutaneous layer?
0 non abs on cutting in simple continuous pattern
Local anesthesia required for enucleations (under standing or GA) due to
Oculocardiac reflex (block the optic nerve to prevent the heart from stopping)
Name drug groups indicated for enucleations
NSAIDS and analgesics
Preoperative and post-operative (3 days) analgesics required
Antibiotics
Pre operative and post operative ( 5 days) - broad spectrum (penicillin + gent = horse), cephalosporins and ampicillin
Anatomical differences between horses and cows?
What is
Cattle have deep bony orbit
Horses have a complete bony orbit - but wider so easier to access caudal structures
What do we do to the artery at the back of the eye?
What is
not clamping the artery in large animal species. In horses, an ecraseur can be used to crush and sever the artery. This does not work in cattle due to the anatomy of the orbit. In cattle, cut the artery with scissors.
Which nerve block can uses Lidocaine and a curved needle (epidural needle) inserted between the globe and bony orbit following the curve of the orbit to the back of the eye and ocular nerve
What is
- Retrobulbar