Atomic Structure
What does the atomic number tell you?
proton #
What are the 3 states of matter?
Solid, liquid, and gas
Common environmental problem caused by burning fossil fuels
Acid rain
Why is it important for solid ice to float on liquid water for aquatic organisms?
The ice could sink and crush the fish
Acid rain is very good at destroying....
metal and cement compounds
what two particles equal mass and where are they located?
proton + neutron in the nucleus
What is a chemical change?
A change in matter when you end up with a new substance
What gas causes acid rain?
Sulfur dioxide gas SO2
Water is a _________ molecule which gives it a slightly positive and negative charge.
Polar
The smallest unit of matter that cannot be split into smaller parts
element
What is the definition of an ion?
An atom with the same number of protons and different number of neutrons.. atom with a charge.
Flammability is a _________ ___________.
Chemical Property
How are acids and bases measured and what tells you which you have?
pH scale. base>7>acids
Why is water called the universal solvent?
It can dissolve more substances than anything else on earth
Which property of water allows it to form strong droplets?
High surface tension due to adhesion and cohesion
How many protons and electrons does an atom of sulfur with a negative 2 charge have?
16 protons and 18 electrons
Brittleness would be an example of a...
Physical property
Bases help dissolve oils and water cannot dissolve oils
Which molecule gets what charge in the polar molecule of water?
O = - and H = +
Acids commonly do what to metals?
dissolve them and form a gas
How many protons neutrons and electrons for a Calcium +2 ion with a weight of 41?
20 protons - 21 neutrons - 20 electrons
What are the 5 signs of a chemical reaction?
Odor change, color change, temperature change, makes a gas, makes a precipitate
What are the two IONS responsible for acidity and forming basic solutions?
H3O+ (H+ hydronium) and OH- (Hydroxide)
What causes water to have such a strong resistance to temperature change?
Hydrogen bonds
What is an isotope by definition?
Atom with the same number of protons and different neutron numbers (different masses)