Nutrition
Not eating enough calories, protein, vitamins, or minerals is defined as _________________.
malnutrition
Which of the following is not a way that soil is degraded?
A. desertification
B. salinization
C. conservation
D. erosion
C. conservation
_____________________ (persistence, resistance) is when a pest becomes immune to a pesticide, while ____________________ (persistence, resistance) is when a pesticide does not break down in the environment.
resistance, persistence
Match each of the following animals with its category:
1. salmon A. poultry
2. sheep B. ruminants
3. turkeys C. aquaculture
1. C
2. B
3. A
A _____________________ is a climate condition where no rain falls for long periods of time. This can lead to a _____________________, which is a widespread shortage of food.
drought, famine
Give two examples of a mineral your body needs.
- iron
- sodium
- magnesium
- potassium
______________________ is the upper layer of rock particles, air, water, and organic matter where plants can grow.
topsoil
What are two things that are not permitted in organic agriculture?
- synthetic fertilizers
- synthetic pesticides
- genetically modified crops
What threatens wild fish populations?
*BONUS: What has the government done about this issue?
overharvesting
* limiting number of fish harvested, no-fishing zones, promoting aquaculture like fish farms and fish ranches
Crop production that is limited to meeting one family’s needs is known as ____________________ farming.
subsistence
List the three macronutrients.
*BONUS: What two things does the body use them for?
- carbohydrates
- proteins
- fats
* building materials and energy
Name three processes that help soil form.
- wind and water break down rocks
- fungi and bacteria decompose organic matter
- earthworms and insects break up soil for air spaces
Name three parts of Integrated Pest Management.
- Biological pest control - natural predators, pathogens, parasites of pests
- Cultivation controls - crop rotation, companion planting
- small amounts of chemicals - pesticides
Name three uses for livestock besides food.
- leather, wool, fur
- ploughing
- transportation
- manure for fertilizer or fuel
Which product requires the least amount of energy input?
A. fish-farmed salmon
B. dairy cows
C. chickens
D. corn
D. corn
Developed countries: larger portions, more fats and proteins
Developing countries: smaller portions, mostly carbohydrates
Name four ways that soil erosion can be prevented.
- contour ploughing
- terrace farming
- no-till farming
- irrigation with ditches
Why might a scientist want to use genetic engineering for a particular food crop?
- drought resistance
- greater nutrition
- higher yield
- pesticide or herbicide resistance
Poultry are typically raised on __________________ farms in developed countries.
Why is this an issue?
factory
The birds are crammed into tiny spaces and require extra antibiotics to survive the unsanitary conditions. They produce less nutritious eggs and meat.
Which is not a threat to the amount of land available for farming?
A. fast-growing human populations
B. desertification
C. soil erosion
D. using traditional farming methods
D. using traditional farming methods
Which food will give you the most macronutrients, vitamins, and minerals?
A. a steak from a grass-fed cow
B. a garden salad
C. a bowl of oatmeal with blueberries
D. a can of tuna fish
A. a steak from a grass-fed cow
- over-irrigation with salty water
- low rainfall
- crop rotation
- compost and manure for fertilizer
- companion planting
- natural predators of pests
- irrigation with ditches
- heritage crops, not genetically modified
- free-range livestock without overgrazing
What is the difference between fish farming and fish ranching?
fish farming - grow fish in ponds and harvest when mature
fish ranching - breed fish in ponds, release in ocean, harvest adults when they return
Give three reasons why not everyone has enough to eat if modern agricultural methods can easily produce enough food for the world.
- unequal distribution
- poverty
- soil degradation in some parts of the world
- drought
- some farmers rely on subsistence farming
- crops are grown for biofuel instead of food