Geosphere
The solid part of Earth that includes rocks, soils, and sediments.
The Geosphere
The two main gases that make up most of the atmosphere.
Oxygen and Nitrogen
Heat transfer by waves, such as sunlight reaching Earth.
Radiation
All the water at or near Earth’s surface.
Hydrosphere
The layer of the atmosphere where weather occurs.
Troposphere
Earth’s rigid outer shell, made of the crust and upper mantle.
The Lithosphere
The lowest layer of the atmosphere where weather occurs.
The Troposphere
Heat transfer by direct contact.
Conduction
Water with very low salinity, such as rivers, lakes, and glaciers.
Freshwater
Name one way erosion can change Earth’s surface.
carving valleys, moving sand, etc.
The softer, plastic-like layer beneath the lithosphere.
The Asthenosphere
The gas in the stratosphere that protects life by absorbing UV rays.
Ozone (O3)
Heat transfer by the movement of fluids (air or water).
Convection
The measure of how much salt is in water.
Why is the greenhouse effect both good and bad?
It keeps Earth warm enough for life, but too much causes global warming.
Large pieces of the lithosphere that move and cause earthquakes and volcanoes.
Tectonic Plates
The layer of gases that surrounds Earth.
The Atmosphere
The main way energy from the sun warms Earth’s surface.
Radiation
The narrow layer of Earth where life can exist.
Biosphere
List the three ways heat moves through the atmosphere.
Radiation, conduction, and convection?
Name two events that happen at tectonic plate boundaries.
ex. earthquake, faults, mountain formations, volcanoes, etc.
The process that keeps Earth warm by trapping heat in the atmosphere.
The Greenhouse Effect
A boiling pot of water on a stove shows different types of heat transfer. Explain how.
conduction by direct contact of burner to pot, convection currents occur in boiling water.
Earth is a closed system with respect to ______, but an open system with respect to ______
matter (closed) and energy (open)
Give one example of how two of Earth’s spheres interact with each other.
may vary. ex: A volcanic eruption (geosphere) releases gases into the atmosphere that affect the biosphere.