Unit One- Observation/Scientific Method/Measuring
These are the five senses scientists use to make observations
sight, sound, taste, touch, smell
These are the four spheres that make up Earth.
biosphere, lithosphere/geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere
All of the biotic and abiotic things in a given area are called this.
ecosystem
This is long-term period of heating from 1850 to today due to human activities.
global warming
These energy sources, such as coal and oil, cannot be replaced quickly and will eventually run out.
nonrenewable energy sources
Scientists call the statement “It is cloudy outside, so it is going to snow” this
an inference
When ocean water releases water vapor into the air, an interaction is occurring between these two Earth spheres.
atmosphere and hydrosphere
Mice are eaten by snakes. A chemical was introduced into an ecosystem that caused a decrease in the mouse population. As a result, the snake population would most likely do this.
decrease
The practice of protecting natural resources and using them wisely to prevent depletion is called this.
conservation
In an experiment, the variable that is changed by the scientist to test its effect is called this.
independent variable
This is the first step to the scientific method
state the problem/ask a question
Plant roots grow through cracks in rocks, causing them to break apart. This shows an interaction between these two Earth spheres.
biosphere and geosphere/lithosphere
Zebra mussels were accidentally introduced into the Great Lakes and have disrupted the ecosystem by filtering out large amounts of plankton. This type of organism is called this.
invasive species
Burning fossil fuels increases greenhouse gases, which strengthens this atmospheric process.
the Greenhouse Effect
In a forest ecosystem, the amount of rainfall and the average temperature are examples of these types of environmental factors.
abiotic factors
A scientist gathers evidence that refutes their hypothesis. According to the scientific method, the scientist must now do this.
go back to the beginning of the scientific method; start over
This is the process by which plants release water into the water cycle.
transpiration
Female emperor penguins take turns keeping their eggs warm by balancing them on their feet and covering them with a fold of skin called a brood pouch. While one parent stays with the egg to keep it warm, the other goes to the ocean to hunt for food. This cooperative care helps ensure the survival of the chicks in the freezing Antarctic environment.
behavioral
When plastics break down into very small particles that enter food chains and water systems, this is known as this type of pollution.
microplastic pollution
The population of reindeer in the Arctic has decreased over the last 20 years because climate change has caused increased rainfall, which then freezes over snow and prevents them from reaching food. This human activity most likely contributed to climate change.
burning fossil fuels
A metal cube has a mass of 72 grams and a volume of 9 cm³. The density of this cube is this.
8 g/cm³
The ozone layer, which protects Earth from harmful UV radiation, is located in this layer of the atmosphere.
stratosphere
When an invasive species enters an ecosystem and outcompetes native species, the overall variety of living organisms in that ecosystem often decreases. This concept is called this.
biodiversity
A community installs solar panels and wind turbines to reduce carbon emissions, but must also consider cost, reliability, and storage challenges. This type of energy is being implemented.
alternative energy
Differences in finch beaks helped some survive and reproduce more than others, leading to changes in the population through this process.
natural selection