Ecosystems & Biodiversity
This concept, studied by Suzanne Simard, describes how certain large trees support younger plants through underground networks.
What is the Mother Tree concept?
This movement critiques how patriarchal systems impact the environment and women.
What is ecofeminism?
The removal of these renewable energy structures can restore river ecosystems and indigenous cultural practices.
What are hydroelectric dams?
This naturalist argued for the preservation of wilderness at Hetch Hetchy for its own sake, not for human use.
Who is John Muir?
Adding a tax to environmentally harmful activities like carbon emissions is an example of this type of solution.
What is a market-based solution?
The total number of different species in a given area refers to this biodiversity measure
What is species richness?
The term for when companies falsely advertise products as eco-friendly.
What is greenwashing?
The natural phenomenon that traps heat in Earth’s atmosphere.
What is the greenhouse effect?
The theory that capitalism is inherently unsustainable because it exploits both nature and labor.
What is Marx’s theory of exploitation?
One believed that privatization and coercion were the best way to prevent the "Tragedy of the Commons," while the other believed in local institutions for common-pool resources
Who are Garrett Hardin and Elinor Ostrom?
An ecosystem service category that includes resources like food, water, and timber.
What are provisioning services?
This framework highlights how race, gender, and class overlap to shape privilege and discrimination.
What is intersectionality?
A major ecological and cultural site submerged by the construction of dams along the Columbia River.
What is Celilo Falls/Wy’am?
This 19th-century belief justified U.S. expansion across the continent, seeing land as "empty" and ready for settlement.
What is Manifest Destiny?
A system that uses both biological controls (and sometimes chemical controls) to reduce pests with minimal environmental harm.
What is Integrated Pest Management (IPM)?
This type of species interaction benefits one species without affecting the other.
What is commensalism?
Unequal exposure to pollution and environmental hazards based on race or income describes this injustice.
What is environmental racism?
Oregon’s energy laws include a ban on this nonrenewable energy source.
What is coal power?
This environmental ethic focuses on the intrinsic value of all living things, not just humans.
What is ecocentrism?
The global treaty designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and combat climate change, signed in 2015.
What is the Paris Agreement?
These ecosystems are transition zones between land and water and were previously known as "wastelands"
What are wetlands?
The woman who led the Green Belt Movement, empowering women and promoting reforestation in Kenya.
Who is Wangari Maathai?
The most common power source in the United States today.
What is natural gas?
The legal agreement that divided land rights between the U.S. and Britain in the Pacific Northwest in 1846.
What is the Oregon Treaty?
This concept describes the movement of industry to new locations when resources are depleted or labor costs rise.
What is the Spatial Fix?