Chemical Reactions
Define chemical reactions.
Define a catalyst.
What is a substance that speeds up a chemical reaction, without itself being consumed in the reaction?
Define an enzyme.
How does substrate concentration affect enzyme action?
What is the more substrate there is, the higher the activity?
How can an enzyme get denatured?
What is if the temperature is higher than the optimal temperature OR if the pH changes?
Define activation energy.
What is the amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction?
Name two processes that enzymes perform.
What is breaking down molecules and building molecules?
Define a substrate.
What is a specific molecule that enzymes work on?
How does enzyme concentration affect enzyme action?
What is the more enzymes there are, the higher the activity?
How does temperature affect enzyme activity?
What is if the temperature is above the optimum temperature, the enzyme denatures? What is if the temperature is below the optimum temperature, then the molecules move slower casuing less collisions?
Define an endothermic reaction.
What is when energy is absorbed from the surroundings as heat?
What do enzymes do to the activation energy in a chemical reaction?
What is the enzymes lower it?
Define an active site.
What is the part of an enzyme that the substrate fits into?
Define denature.
What is when an enzyme begins to unfold, losing its shape due to an increase in temperature or a change in pH?
What is the optimum pH for most human enzymes? What is the optimum pH for enzymes in your stomach?
What is a pH of 6-8? What is a pH of 2-3?
Define an exothermic reaction.
What is when energy is released from the body/system into the surroundings?
What happens to an enzyme after it participates in a chemical reaction?
What is it is reused for the same reaction with other molecules?
When the enzyme's active site makes contact with the correct substrate, the enzyme hugs the molecule. This puts pressure on the substrate, making it easier to break or form bonds.
Define optimum temperature. What is the optimum temperature range for human enzymes?
What is the greatest number of collisions between the enzyme and substrate? What is 35 °C- 40 °C?
Name an example of a chemical reaction that involves enzymes that happens in the human body.
What are digestion and breaking down lactose?
Which side of the equation are reactants located on? Which side are the products?
What is reactants are on the left and the products are on the right?
What does an enzyme do to the substrate in a chemical reaction? (You don't have to use 'What is')
It applies pressure to the substrate, either bending the bond of a substrate to make it easier to break or pushing two substrates together to create a bond easily?
Define the Lock & Key model. (You don't have to use 'What is')
There is a specific enzyme for a specific reaction. The substrate fits into the enzyme like a key into a lock. If the key doesn't have a perfect shape, then the lock won't open.
Why does an enzyme have to have the right shape?
What is so it can have the right function?