Chemical Reactions
Enzymes
Types of Reactions
Energy & ATP Cycle
ATP Structure & Energy
100
What are substances that undergo a change in chemical reactions?
Reactants (substrates)
100
What are enzymes made of?
Proteins
100
What type of reaction absorbs energy?
Endothermic Reaction
100
What does ATP stand for?
Adenosine Triphosphate
100
What are the 3 main parts of the ATP molecule?
Adenine (nitrogen base), ribose (sugar), 3 phosphate groups
200
What do we call the substances formed as a result of a chemical reaction?
Products
200
What is the role of enzymes in biochemical reactions?
They speed up reactions by lowering activation energy
200
What reactions releases energy?
Exothermic Reactions
200
What does ATP do for your cells?
Carries/ stores energy for your body
200
What type of sugar is in ATP?
Ribose
300
Name the two types of chemical reactions?
Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
300
What kind of model is this image showing.
A lock and key model
300
What is an example of exothermic reaction?
Cellular Respiration
300
What molecule is made when ATP loses one phosphate and releases energy?
ADP
Adenosine diphosphate
300
Why is making ATP from ADP and phosphate considered endothermic?
Because energy is stored when the bond is formed.
ATP at the end has more energy than ADP and phosphate.
Reactants have less energy than the products.
400
Which reactions creates products with less energy than the reactants?
Exothermic Reaction
400
What happens to an enzyme after a chemical reaction?
They are used over and over again
400
How do enzymes affect the activation energy of chemical reactions?
They lower the activation energy need to cause a reaction. Can speed up reaction rates
400
What macromolecule is broken down first to make ATP?
Carbohydrates
400
Why is ATP being used to create a ADP a exothermic reaction?
Because energy is released when the bond is broken
ATP at the start has more energy than ADP and phosphate molecules
Reactant have more energy than the products.
500
Define activation energy
The amount of energy needed to start a chemical reaction
500
What is denaturation?
When the active site of an enzyme gets deformed and looses their specific shape. Loss of biochemical activity
500
What is the role of a competitive inhibitor?
Slows down reactions by competing with the substrate for the active site on the enzyme
500
How many molecules of ATP can be made from 1 glucose molecule?
36 ATP molecules
500
Why are lipids broken down after carbohydrates?
Lipids hold more energy and are harder to break down. Carbs break down quicker