Enzyme Experts
What is the region of an enzyme where a substrates binds?
Active Site
What is the main job of the cell membrane?
To control what enters and leaves the cell
Which biomolecule is commonly used as a source of quick energy?
Carbohydrates
What do enzymes lower to make chemical reactions happen more easily?
Activation energy
A substance from an area of high concentration moves to low concentration without using ATP. What type of transport is this?
Passive transport
Why does an enzyme usually work with only certain substrates?
Only certain substrates have a shape that fits the enzyme's active site.
Why would a cell want to transport amino acids in and out of the cell?
To maintain a stable/balanced amount of amino acids in and out of the cell
Which biomolecule is used for long-term energy storage and thermoregulation?
Lipids
What term describes an enzyme that changes shape and can no longer function correctly?
Denatured
A cell uses ATP to move sodium molecules from an area of low concentration to high concentration. Is this passive or active transport?
Active transport
An enzyme helps break a large molecule into two smaller molecules. After the reaction, what happens to the enzyme?
It remains unchanged and can be used again.
What three macromolecules make up the cell membrane?
Lipid, carbohydrates, and protiens
A large molecule is made of many amino acid joined together. Which type of macromolecule is it?
Protien
An enzyme works slowly at 10 degrees Celsius, fastest at 35 degrees Celsius, and stops working at 70 degrees Celsius. What most likely happened at 70 degrees Celsius?
The high temperature denatured the enzyme
Oxygen moves directly through the cell membrane from an area where there is more oxygen to an area where there is less. What type of transport is occuring?
Passive transport
An enzyme's active site changes shape. Predict how this will affect the enzyme's ability to work with its normal substrate.
Its activity will decrease because the substrate may no longer fit the active site.
a cell membrane allows water and oxygen to cross but prevents larger molecules from entering. What characteristic of the cell membrane does this demonstrate
Semi-permeable; selectively permeable
Scientists discover a molecule made of repeating nucleotides. What type of biomolecule have they discovered and what is one major function?
Nucleic Acid; it stores genetic material.
Students test an enzyme at pH 3,5,7, and 9. The reaction rates are 2,8,15, and 4 units per minute. Which pH is closest to the enzyme's optimal pH?
pH 7
A cell move calcium molecules from an area of low concentration to high concentration, and ATP is required. Is this active or passive transport?
Active transport
Two enzymes are placed with the same substrate. Enzyme A produces a product, but Enzyme B does not. Both enzymes are functioning normally. What is the best explanation?
Enzyme A has an active site that fits the substrate, while Enzyme B does not.
What is the ability of an organism or cell to maintain stable internal conditions?
Homeostasis
A student says, "Carbohydrates and lipids have nothing in common because their structures are different." Give one function they share.
Both can provide energy for an organism.
A reaction pathway A -> B -> C-> D. A different enzyme responsible for changing B into C stops working, what will happen to D?
D will decreased.
A substance moves molecules from an area of high concentration to low concentration. Is this passive or active, and are they using ATP to move?
Passive; no there is no energy required during this transport.