Cell Organelles
In what organelle does the building of proteins occur? What is this process?
The process of a prokaryotic cell dividing is known as...
What is binary fission
Photosynthesis occurs in the...
Cellular Respiration occurs in the...
What is: chloroplast; mitochondria
This term describes a group of individuals living in the same place at the same time who can interbreed.
What is: a population
Describe two differences in passive and active transport.
What is:
passive-no energy required, high to low concentration
active- energy required, low to high concentration
This organelle contains digestive enzymes to break down waste.
What are: lysosomes.
When mitosis occurs, this is the result...
What is two genetically identical daughter cells.
The molecule used to carry energy is known as what? If this molecule loses energy, what is it known as?
What is: ATP; ADP
Over time, if one species is isolated geographically into two groups and can no longer interbreed, this is known as...
What is: speciation.
The term selectively permeable means...
What is: only allows certain materials to pass in an out
Where does mRNA transcription occur? Why?
What is: in the nucleus. That is where the DNA is stored for the mRNA to transcribe from.
Describe the steps of Mitosis.
What is...
P:prophase
M:metaphase
A:anaphase
T:telophase
What are the formulas for photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
What is:
CR: 6O2 + C6H12O6 -> 6H2O + 6CO2 + ATP
Photo: Sunlight + 6H2O + 6CO2 -> C6H12O6 + 6O2
Describe natural selection.
What is: the individuals best suited to an environment will be able to survive and reproduce.
In a beaker, there is a solution of 5.6% salt. Inside of a cell, the concentration of the solution has 1.2% salt. Describe what will happen to the cell. What is this process known as?
What is: water will move outside of the cell causing it to shrivel. This is known as osmosis.
Plant and Animal cells differ in many ways. What organelles are present in a plant cell but are not in an animal cell?
What is: Cell wall, central vacuole and chloroplasts.
Describe how the parent cell differs from the daughter cells in meiosis. What type of cells are the daughter cells?
What is: the daughter cells are genetically different from the parent cell. The daughter cells are haploid while the parent cells are diploid. The daughter cells are gametes.
If oxygen is not present for cellular respiration to occur, what will happen instead?
What is: anaerobic respiration/fermentation
Describe the Hardy-Weinberg principle.
A species will not change, it has reached genetic equilibrium.
Five conditions for this to occur:
1. no mutations
2. random mating
3. no migration
4. no natural selection
5. no genetic drift
Describe endycytosis.
The process of moving materials into the cell using vesicles.
The role of the golgi apparatus is to...
What is: modify, sort and package proteins.
Describe the process of interphase during the cell cycle.
growth (G1), synthesis (S) and growth (G2) occurs during interphase. g1 and g2 the cell increases in size. s the cell replicates its DNA.
During photosynthesis, this light-independent reaction converts CO2 into a three-carbon sugar.
What is: the Calvin Cycle
What are homologous structures?
What is: structures that are in distantly related organisms that are the same/similar and have similar functions.
Describe the structure of a phospholipid in the phospholipid bilayer.
What is: hydrophilic head, hydrophobic tail.