EOC Biology Review

Cell

100

Basic unit of life

What is a cell?

200

It is another name for bacteria

What is a Prokaryote?

300

Two cell organelles found only in plants, algae, or bacteria

What are chloroplasts ( chlorophyll) and cell walls?

400

Three organelles found in both prokayotes and eukaryotes

What are :

Ribosomes, cell membrane, DNA 

500

Two cell organelles that had their DNA and became part of the cell through endosymbiosis

What are Mitochondria and chloroplasts?

Chemistry of life

100

All Living things contain this basic element

What is carbon?

200

Four major  organic molecules

What are 

Carbohydrates

Protein

Nucleic acid

Lipids

300

The monomer for carbohydrate

What is glucose?

400

Four organelles involved in protein synthesis

What are 

DNA,    mRNA), Ribosomes, ER, Golgi Apparatus

500

The steps of protein synthesis

What is from

DNA to mRNA to ( tRNA) to protein?

DNA to mRNA (Transcription) 

mRNA to tRNA (Translation)

Cellular Energy

100

Organelle involved in photosynthesis

What is chloroplast ( chlorophyll)?

200

C₆H₁₂O₆  +  O₂   =  CO₂ + H₂O + ATP

What is cellular respiration?

300

Production of glucose without using sunlight

What is chemosynthesis?

400

The formula for photosynthesis

What is:

CO₂  + H₂O  + sunlight energy =  C₆H₁₂O₆ + O_{2 ?} 

500

Production of ATP without oxygen

What is Fermentation (Anaerobic Respiration )?

Cell Processes

100

Movement of water from higher concentration to lower concentration of water

What is osmosis?

200

Moving substances from lower concentration to higher concentration using ATP 

What is active transport?

300

how Na⁺ can pass through the cell membrane

What is through the ATP pump?

400

The solution in which water moves out of the cell and the cell shrivels

What is a hypertonic solution?

500

what the salty ocean water is to our blood cell

what is hypertonic?

Genetics

100

An alternative version of a gene

What is an allele?

200

The mRNA code for the following DNA template

GCTTAGGC

What is 

CGAAUCCG?

300

AUG

What is a codon (amino acid)

400

The probability that two parents, one heterozygous for sickle cell trait and the other homozygous dominant for the trait, will have a sickle cell child

What is 0?

500

Why hemophilia is more common in males

Males only have one X chromosome, making them more susceptible.