Cells
The cell part that is considered the powerhouse of the cell.
What is the mitochondria?
1. Which of the following best describes the role of enzymes in cellular processes?
a) Enzymes increase the activation energy required for chemical reactions.
b) Enzymes act as a source of energy for the cell.
c) Enzymes lower the activation energy required for chemical reactions.
d) Enzymes store genetic information for the cell.
c) Enzymes lower the activation energy required for chemical reactions.
Which of the following is a key difference between mitosis and meiosis?
a) Mitosis results in two genetically identical cells, while meiosis results in four genetically different cells.
b) Mitosis occurs only in gametes, while meiosis occurs in somatic cells.
c) Mitosis involves two rounds of cell division, while meiosis involves only one.
d) Mitosis does not involve DNA replication, while meiosis does.
Mitosis results in two genetically identical cells, while meiosis results in four genetically different cells.
Which of the following processes does not require energy (ATP) for transport across the cell membrane?
a) Active transport
b) Osmosis
c) Endocytosis
d) Exocytosis
Osmosis
Which of the following best describes the function of the nucleus in a cell?
a) To store the cell’s genetic material (DNA)
b) To produce proteins
c) To convert energy from food into ATP
d) To regulate cell division
To store the cell’s genetic material (DNA)
The cell part that breaks down waste.
What is the lysosome?
What is the primary function of ATP in a cell?
a) To store genetic information.
b) To provide structural support to the cell.
c) To store and release energy for cellular processes.
d) To facilitate the transport of materials across the cell membrane.
c) To store and release energy for cellular processes.
During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes align in the center of the cell?
a) Prophase
b) Metaphase
c) Anaphase
d) Telophase
What is metaphase?
In which type of cellular transport do molecules move from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration?
a) Facilitated diffusion
b) Active transport
c) Simple diffusion
d) Osmosis
Active Transport
What is the main function of chloroplasts in plant cells?
a) To carry out cellular respiration
b) To synthesize proteins
c) To perform photosynthesis
d) To regulate the movement of materials
To perform photosynthesis
The cell part that is a molecular machine that translates genetic information into proteins.
What is a ribosome?
Which of the following describes the relationship between the structure and function of proteins?
a) Proteins are composed of nucleotides, and their function is to store genetic information.
b) The sequence of amino acids determines the shape of a protein, which directly influences its function.
c) Proteins are composed of fatty acids, and their function is to store energy.
d) Proteins are enzymes that only act in the presence of high temperatures.
b) The sequence of amino acids determines the shape of a protein, which directly influences its function.
What is the primary purpose of meiosis?
a) To produce cells for growth and repair.
b) To produce genetically identical cells for tissue regeneration.
c) To reduce the chromosome number in gametes, ensuring genetic diversity.
d) To replicate DNA for future cell division.
To reduce the chromosome number in gametes, ensuring genetic diversity.
Which of the following best describes the process of endocytosis?
a) The cell uses energy to expel large molecules or particles.
b) The cell uses energy to take in large molecules or particles by engulfing them.
c) The movement of small molecules from a high to low concentration through a membrane protein.
d) The cell uses passive transport to move ions against their concentration gradient
The cell uses energy to take in large molecules or particles by engulfing them.
In which phase of the cell cycle does DNA replication occur?
a) G1 phase
b) S phase
c) G2 phase
d) M phase
S phase
The place where DNA can be found.
What is a Nucleus
What is the main role of nucleic acids, such as DNA and RNA, in a cell?
a) To store and transmit genetic information.
b) To act as structural components of the cell membrane.
c) To provide energy for cellular processes.
d) To act as catalysts for chemical reactions.
a) To store and transmit genetic information.
Which event occurs during prophase I of meiosis that does not occur in mitosis?
a) Chromosomes condense and become visible.
b) The nuclear membrane dissolves.
c) Homologous chromosomes undergo crossing over.
d) Spindle fibers attach to the chromosomes.
Homologous chromosomes undergo crossing over.
Which type of transport requires a protein channel but does not require energy?
a) Active transport
b) Osmosis
c) Facilitated diffusion
d) Endocytosis
Facilitated Diffusion
Which of the following occurs during anaphase of mitosis?
a) Chromosomes align at the cell’s equator
b) Chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles
c) The nuclear membrane dissolves
d) The spindle fibers disappear
Chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles
The protective barrier around animal cells
Which of the following is a characteristic of lipids in relation to cell structure?
a) Lipids form the bilayer of cell membranes and help maintain the integrity of the cell.
b) Lipids are responsible for storing genetic material within the nucleus.
c) Lipids carry out enzymatic functions within the cytoplasm.
d) Lipids are primarily used for protein synthesis.
a) Lipids form the bilayer of cell membranes and help maintain the integrity of the cell.
How many daughter cells are produced at the end of meiosis, and how do they compare genetically?
a) Two daughter cells, each genetically identical to the parent cell.
b) Four daughter cells, each genetically identical to the parent cell.
c) Four daughter cells, each genetically different from the parent cell.
d) Two daughter cells, each genetically different from the parent cell.
) Four daughter cells, each genetically different from the parent cell.
If a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, what will most likely happen to the cell?
a) The cell will swell and possibly burst.
b) The cell will shrink as water moves out of the cell.
c) The cell will remain unchanged.
d) The cell will absorb water and increase in size.
b) The cell will shrink as water moves out of the cell
Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
a) They have a nucleus.
b) They contain membrane-bound organelles.
c) They are smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells.
d) They do not contain DNA.
They are smaller and simpler than eukaryotic cells.