1
Which type of historical information does the newspaper headline below represent?
"Witnesses Provide Firsthand Accounts of the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan"
A. primary source
B. editorial opinion
C. secondary source
D. professional analysis
A. primary source
Read the following excerpt from the World Trade Organization and answer the question below.
Environmental goods can cover a number of key technologies that may contribute positively to the fight against climate change. . . . According to a recent World Bank study on trade and climate change . . . clean technologies could result in a 14 percent increase in trade.
Source: World Trade Organization
Based on this excerpt, which action would this organization most likely support?
A. funding research on alternative energy projects
B. promoting investment in developing clean water resources
C. reducing import tariffs on environmentally friendly products
D. opposing migration to environmentally threatened countries
C. reducing import tariffs on environmentally friendly products
What is the primary purpose of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)?
A. to remove international tariffs
B. to reduce the influence of labor unions
C. to increase the amount paid to unskilled laborers
D. to ensure competition between member countries
A. to remove international tariffs
"Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." -Brown v. Board of Education
•
The Supreme Court’s ruling in Brown v. Board of Education reversed the decision made in which of the following cases?
A. Gideon v. Wainwright
B. Plessy v. Ferguson
C. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke
D. Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education
B. Plessy v. Ferguson
Which part of the U.S. economy has most directly benefited from globalization?
A. industrial goods
B. home construction
C. health care industry
D. local service providers
A. industrial goods
What effect did the Anaconda Plan strategy have on the Union?
A. The South was weakened because they lost control of the inland.
B. The Union lost the control of their ports and trade to the Confederates.
C. The Union had an advantage, since they controlled the ports of the enemy.
D. The South’s way of life was poisoned by the strength of the federal government.
C. The Union had an advantage, since they controlled the ports of the enemy.
What effect did the establishment of tariffs have on international trade during the 1920s?
A. European nations found it difficult to achieve economic recovery.
B. European manufacturing industries were forced to lower prices on goods.
C. The development of new American products decreased as a result of the economic downturn.
D. The use of consumer credit became necessary as American goods became more expensive.
A. European nations found it difficult to achieve economic recovery.
Read the following excerpt from a speech made by President George H. W. Bush in 1991 regarding the Persian Gulf War and answer the question below.
We are determined to knock out Saddam Hussein’s nuclear bomb potential. We will also destroy his chemical weapons facilities. Much of Saddam’s artillery and tanks will be destroyed.
Source: United States Government Printing Office
Which event prompted President Bush to make this statement?
A. civil war in Somalia
B. the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait
C. ethnic conflict in Yugoslavia
D. the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
B. the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait
Which idea best characterizes the Beat Generation during the 1950s?
•
A. restoring fundamental moral values to society
B. promoting nonconformity and anti-consumerism
C. leading international efforts to contain communism
D. supporting goals of big business and personal prosperity
B. promoting nonconformity and anti-consumerism
Look at the following list of federal programs created under President Lyndon Johnson in the 1960s and answer the question below.
Job Corps
Head Start
Food Stamps
Which characteristic is shared by these programs?
A. They were all declared unconstitutional.
B. They were all designed to reduce poverty.
C. They were components of a foreign aid plan.
D. They were intended to provide disaster relief.
B. They were all designed to reduce poverty.
Statement A: The “invisible hand” will regulate market wages and prices without the need for government regulation.
Statement B: Laborers represent the foundation of the economy and thus are deserving of support from the government.
Statement C: The government ought to ensure economic success by passing anti-trust legislation.
Statement D: Child labor must be abolished if we are going to stop the cycle of poverty.
Which of the above statements best supports the philosophy of laissez faire capitalism?
A. Statement A
B. Statement B
C. Statement C
D. Statement D
A. Statement A
Review the following information which describes methods used by the Student Non-Violent Coordinating Committee, then answer the question below.
STUDENT NON-VIOLENT COORDINATING COMMITTEE (SNCC) 1960–1966
• Formed by college students involved in the first sit-ins at lunch counters
• Coordinated the Freedom Rides that showcased racial segregation in transportation
• Participated in the March on Washington and other significant protest marches
Which phrase best describes the methods used by this group?
A. confrontation through legal action
B. resistance through civil disobedience
C. intimidation through aggressive actions
D. manipulation through artistic endeavors
B. resistance through civil disobedience
What was an important consequence of the Cuban Missile Crisis?
A. The Soviet Union secretly kept nuclear missiles in Cuba pointed at Florida.
B. The United States kept missiles in Turkey and Greece pointed at the Soviet Union.
C. American and Soviet leaders established a “hot line” and negotiated a partial test ban treaty.
D. Fidel Castro was removed from power in Cuba and all nuclear weapons were removed from Cuba.
C. American and Soviet leaders established a “hot line” and negotiated a partial test ban treaty.
What effect did the establishment of tariffs have on international trade during the 1920s?
A. European nations found it difficult to achieve economic recovery.
B. European manufacturing industries were forced to lower prices on goods.
C. The development of new American products decreased as a result of the economic downturn.
D. The use of consumer credit became necessary as American goods became more expensive.
A. European nations found it difficult to achieve economic recovery.
How did the Truman Doctrine justify the U.S. military decisions that directly led to the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution?
A. The Truman Doctrine asserted that the superpowers should have separate spheres of influence.
B. The Truman Doctrine asserted that the Soviet Union aimed to spread its political influence.
C. The Truman Doctrine supported foreign aid for economic development.
D. The Truman Doctrine supported efforts to end imperialism.
B. The Truman Doctrine asserted that the Soviet Union aimed to spread its political influence.
Which philosophical viewpoint was predominant in the United States’ approach to foreign affairs prior to World War I?
A. authoritarianism
B. interventionism
C. isolationism
D. nationalism
C. isolationism
The excerpt below is from a federal law regarding Native Americans.
•
BE IT ENACTED by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That all non-citizen Indians born within the territorial limits of the United States be, and they are hereby, declared to be citizens of the United States: Provided, That the granting of such citizenship shall not in any manner impair or otherwise affect the right of any Indian to tribal or other property.
•
Which legislation is the source of this excerpt?
A. the Dawes Act
B. the Curtis Act of 1898
C. Indian Tribal Justice Act
D. Indian Citizenship Act of 1924
D. Indian Citizenship Act of 1924
What does the United States' participation in the Washington Naval Conference show about the United States?
A. returning to a policy of internationalism
B. relying on high tariffs for military defense
C. believing in secret alliances as a way to promote peace
D. willing to cooperate with others nations to reduce world tensions
D. willing to cooperate with others nations to reduce world tensions
What was the main purpose of the island-hopping strategy used by the United States during World War II?
A. to gain access to Japanese territories
B. to acquire resources from Japanese held regions
C. to rescue populations occupied by Japanese forces
D. to liberate prisoners that had been captured by Japanese forces
A. to gain access to Japanese territories
This question refers to the following quotation.
“For in your time we have the opportunity to move…upward to the Great Society. The Great Society rests on abundance and liberty for all. It demands an end to poverty and racial injustice, to which we are totally committed in our time…So I want to talk to you today about three places where we begin to build the Great Society—in our cities, in our countryside, and in our classrooms...”
President Lyndon Johnson, Commencement Address at the University of Michigan, 1964
Which of the following resulted from the efforts described in the passage above?
A. congressional indifference to voting rights
B. increased funding of social programs
C. increased military spending
D. new laws promoting fair business practices
B. increased funding of social programs
•What did the rejection of the League of Nations, the higher tariffs imposed by the Fordney-McCumber Act, and the Emergency Quota Act all point to in the early 1920's?
A.increasing imperialism
B.increasing internationalism
C.increasing isolationism
D.increasing militarism
C.increasing isolationism
Read the following excerpt from 1946, which analyzes the methods used by the Soviet Union to spread communism, and answer the question below.
To undermine general political and strategic potential of major western powers. Efforts will be made in such countries to disrupt national self confidence, to hamstring measures of national defense, to increase social and industrial unrest, to stimulate all forms of disunity . . . in defiant violent struggle for destruction of other elements of society.
Source: George Washington University
How did the United States respond to the actions described in this excerpt?
A. by supporting the United Nations
B. by implementing the Marshall Plan
C. by developing propaganda machines
D. by preparing for immediate retaliation
B. by implementing the Marshall Plan
Read the following excerpt from the Clayton Antitrust Act of 1914 and answer the question below.
The labor of a human being is not a commodity or article of commerce. Nothing contained in the antitrust laws shall . . . forbid the existence and operation of labor, agricultural, or horticultural organizations, instituted for the purposes of mutual help . . .
Source: St. Olaf College
How did this act change the nature of work in the United States?
A. It addressed working conditions for women.
B. It abolished the hiring and use of child labor.
C. It required employers to pay a minimum wage.
D. It recognized the right of laborers to strike and picket.
D. It recognized the right of laborers to strike and picket.
Read the following excerpt to answer the question.
“War is a contagion, whether it be declared or undeclared. It can engulf states and peoples remote from the original scene of hostilities. We are determined to keep out of war, yet we cannot insure ourselves against the disastrous effects of war and the dangers of involvement.”
•
-Excerpt from FDR ‘Quarantine Speech’
•
What can you infer about the intentions behind the ‘Quarantine Speech’?
A. Roosevelt supported the policy of internationalism.
B. American citizens supported the policy of isolationism.
C. Congress was ready to stop the spread of dictators in the world.
D. US was ready to declare war on Japan after the invasion of China.
A. Roosevelt supported the policy of internationalism.
Read the following excerpt and answer the question below.
In the early 1960s, U.S. President John F. Kennedy and Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev each expressed deep concern about the strength of their respective nations' nuclear arms forces. This concern led them to complete the first arms control agreement of the Cold War, the Limited Test Ban Treaty of 1963.
Source: U.S. State Department/Public Domian
Which decision produced a similar relaxing of tension between the superpowers during the Cold War?
A. President Harry Truman's decision to begin the Berlin Airlift
B. President Dwight Eisenhower's decision to support the Domino Theory
C. President Richard Nixon's decision to visit the People's Republic of China
D. President Lyndon Johnson's decision to pursue the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution
C. President Richard Nixon's decision to visit the People's Republic of China