Terms
Period of rapid industrial growth (circa 1865–1914) characterized by mass production, technological innovation, and the rise of corporations
What is the Second Industrial Revolution?
Founder of Standard Oil; pioneered horizontal integration and trusts to monopolize oil industry.
What is John D. Rockefeller?
Tragic industrial accident that spurred workplace safety reforms. Occurred when a fire broke out in a New York City garment factory
What is Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire (1911)?
Guaranteed women’s right to vote
What is the 19th Amendment (1920)?
Federal law banning Chinese immigration for ten years
What is the Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)?
Exclusive control of an industry by a single company
What is a Monopoly?
Innovator of the assembly line and Model T automobile, making cars affordable
What is Henry Ford?
Brief conflict that marked U.S. emergence as a world power. Resulted in the United States acquiring Puerto Rico, Guam, and the Philippines
What is the Spanish-American War?
First federal law against monopolies; often weakly enforced
What is the Sherman Antitrust Act (1890)?
Banned adulterated foods and medicines; mandated labeling. Inspired by Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle
What is the Pure Food and Drug Act (1906)?
Migration of populations from rural areas to cities
What is Urbanization?
Steel magnate who used vertical integration to build a dominant enterprise and later donated much of his wealth
What is Andrew Carnegie?
Labor demonstration turned violent in Chicago, harming labor movement’s reputation
What is the Haymarket Riot (1886)?
Established ICC to regulate railroad rates and practices
What is the Interstate Commerce Act (1887)?
Journalist and civil rights activist who campaigned against lynching
What is Ida B. Wells?
Organization of workers formed to negotiate for better wages and working conditions
What is a Labor Union?
Muckraker whose novel “The Jungle” exposed conditions in the meatpacking industry
What is Upton Sinclair?
Who won the election of 1896?
What is William McKinley?
Created central banking system to stabilize currency and credit
What is the Federal Reserve Act (1913)?
What is Tammany Hall an example of?
What is a Political Machine?
Economic policy of minimal government interference in business
What is Laissez-Faire?
Name the three progressive presidents
Theodore Roosevelt, William Howard Taft, Woodrow Wilson
Violent clash between steelworkers and Pinkerton agents at Carnegie Steel
What is the Homestead Strike (1892)?
Established direct election of U.S. Senators
What is the 17th Amendment (1913)?
Who coined the term "Gilded Age" to describe this era of US History
What is Mark Twain and Charles Dudley Warner?