Physical/Chemical Changes& heat transfer
The direct transfer of heat from one substance to another substance that it is touching. Heat energy is transferred (passed) through materials that touch or direct contact.
Conduction
A force of attraction between objects that is due to their masses. The force (invisible pull on an object) that pulls an object to the center of a planet or the moon.
Gravity
traits that are passed from parents to their offspring
Inherited
An organism that can make its own food.
Producer
Overall weather in an area over a long period of time; The average weather in a place over a long period of time (months, years).
Climate
The transfer of thermal energy by the circulation or movement of a liquid or gas; Heat energy is transferred (passed) through the air or liquids by currents. Other keywords: rising, falling
Convection
A push or pull exerted on an object; The Invisible push or pull on an object. Examples: Gravity, Push, Pull, Friction, Magnetism
Force
Skills that you learn to do or develop during your life time
Acquired Traits
An organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms
Consumer
An instrument that measures atmospheric pressure; A weather instrument that measures air pressure. This tool is the most helpful in predicting the weather.
Barometer
Energy that is radiated or transmitted in the form of rays or waves or particles. Heat energy is transferred (passed) through invisible electromagnetic waves (rays). Other keywords: space Examples: Sun, light bulb
Radiation
An object's change in position relative to a reference point. Motion is not just movement, it is the movement of an object over a certain amount of time
Motion
a complex, unlearned behavior that is known throughout a species
Instinct
An organism that breaks down wastes and dead organisms to return nutrient to the soil
Decomposer
A breeze that blows from the land to the sea at night because land cools faster than the sea.
Land Breeze
materials that prevent electric charges from flowing through them easily; A material that slows or does not allow heat to travel through itself *Examples: Plastic, Wood, Rubber, Cloth, Paper
Insulators
the amount of matter in an object; The amount of matter (molecules or Atoms) in an object. Doesn't change- location doesn't matter
Mass
a behavior that has been learned from experience or observation
Learned Behavior
organism that obtains energy by eating only plants
Herbivore
The condition of Earth's atmosphere at a particular time and place. The condition (temperature, precipitation, humidity, wind speed, sunny, cloudy) of the atmosphere at any given time.
Weather
materials that allow electric charges to flow through them easily; A material that allows heat to travel through itself easily. *Examples: Silver, copper, gold, aluminum, iron, steel (any metal)
Conductors
the force of gravity on an object; How much something weighs when pulled down by gravity on a planet or moon. Changes depending on the amount of gravity.
Weight
Part of the Skeletal System. They are harder, denser (thick) tissue made of calcium that forms our skeleton. Blood Cells are made here.
Bones
organism that obtains energy by eating animals
Carnivore
The flow of cooler air from over an ocean or lake toward land; A breeze that blows from the sea to the land during the day because land heats up faster than the sea.
Sea Breeze
Any change that DOES NOT alter the chemical composition of a substance. Changes the form or appearance of an object. No new substance is formed. Evidence: Change in size & shape or form (solid, liquid, gas).
Physical Changes
A force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact; The force that opposes (works against) the motion of objects that are touching as they move past each other. Friction works against the motion of an object, causing it to slow down.
Friction
Includes the mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines. Its role is to break down food and release nutrients from the food into the blood where it's taken to all cells in the body.
Digestive System
A consumer that eats both plants and animals
Omnivore
The measure of the force with which air molecules push on a surface; The pressure of the air molecules on your body and the Earth.
Air Pressure
A change in which one or more substances combine or break apart to form new substances. A change that Produces (makes) a new substance. Evidence: Odor, color, gas is produced, energy is released or absorbed.
Chemical Changes
Equal forces acting on an object in opposite directions; If forces are balanced, an object will remain (stay) in place. Forces all around the object are equal. -Examples: Sitting in a chair, a toy car staying still.
Balanced Forces
Made up of muscles (connect to bones). Allows your body to move, maintains (keeps) your posture (stand up straight), & helps circulates blood throughout the body
Muscular System
An animal that hunts other animals for food
Preditor
the cycle of processes by which water circulates between the earth's oceans, atmosphere, and land, involving precipitation as rain and snow, drainage in streams and rivers, and return to the atmosphere by evaporation and transpiration.
The water cycle
A combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined; When two or more materials are combined.Examples: soil, chocolate milk, cereal with fruit, soup
Mixture
Forces that cause a change in the motion of an object; If forces are unbalanced, an object will start moving, stop moving, or change direction. Causes a change in the motion of an object. -Examples: A rocket taking off, one person pulls harder than the other during tug of war.
Unbalanced Forces
Brings oxygen into the body. Gets rid of carbon dioxide. The organs in your body that help you breathe, taking in oxygen and giving off carbon dioxide (waste). Mouth/Nose>Trachea > Bronchi > Lungs > Diaphragm.
Respiratory System
An organism that is killed and eaten by another organism
Prey
Wispy, feathery clouds made of ice crystals that form at high levels. A high altitude cloud with a feather like shape, made of ice crystals. Clear weather, no rain.
Cirrus Clouds
a response to something; Some kind of change happens to a substance. Color change, odor, temperature, bubbling, fizzing.
reaction
The tendency of an object to resist a change in motion; The resistance (doesn't want to) of an object to change its motion, including a change in direction. An object will stay still or keep moving at the same speed and in a straight line, unless it's acted upon by an outside force.
Inertia
The body's speedy, electrochemical communication network, consisting of all the nerve cells of the peripheral and central nervous systems; The control & communication center of the body. It controls all your thoughts & Movements.
Nervous System
A series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten
Food Chain/Web
Fluffy, white clouds, usually with flat bottoms, that look like rounded piles of cotton. A puffy cloud that appears to rise up from a flat bottom. Usually clear weather, possible rain soon.
Cumulus Clouds
An object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.
Newton's First Law
change in position; Motion is not just movement, it is the movement of an object over a certain amount of time.
Motion
Transports oxygen, waste, nutrients, hormones, heat, etc... around the body; Includes the heart, blood, blood vessels, and the connections with the lungs (oxygen) and intestines (nutrients).
Circulatory System
A term that describes an organism associated with a water environment.
Aquatic
A very large cloud with a low, dark base and fluffy masses that billow upward to great heights. Heavy rains, thunderstorms, or hailstones.
Cumulonimbus Clouds
Force equals mass times acceleration
Newton's Second Law
The distance an object travels per unit of time; How far (distance)an object travels in a certain amount of time (Distance & Time). Formula for calculating speed: Distance divided by time equals speed (D/T=S).
Speed
Main organs of the respiratory system; A pair (two) of organs located in the chest, used for breathing. They bring Oxygen to the blood (inhale) and remove carbon dioxide (Exhale).
Lungs
A term that describes ecosystems that are on land
Terrestrial
created when air heats and expands, causes rain and stormy weather; A whirling mass of warm, moist air that generally brings stormy weather with strong winds. Represent by a red L on a weather map.
Low air Pressure
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
Newton's Third Law
The length of a path between two points; How fast an object moves multiplied by how much time it takes the object to move. Formula: Distance = Speed X Time or D= SXT
Distance
The mass of nerve tissue that is the main control center of the nervous system; The command center of the body; receiving the 5 senses from your body and sending commands to the body.
Brain
A habitat in which the fresh water of a river meets the salt water of the ocean.
Estuary
contains cool, dense air that descends toward the earth's surface and becomes warmer A whirling mass of cool, dry air that generally brings clear, fair weather with light winds. Represent by a blue H on a weather map.
High air pressure