Mitosis and Meiosis
Natural Selection
Evolution
Heredity
Miscellaneous
100
This is the product of mitosis
2 genetically identical diploid cells
100
This term refers to the ability to survive and reproduce
what is fitness
100
Dog breeds are an example of this type of natural selection.
Artificial selection
100
What is the difference between a genotype and a phenotype?
Genotype is the genetic information (your alleles AA vs Aa or aa)
Phenotype is your physical trait based on genotype.
100
On a graph which axes do your Independent and dependent variables go?
IV = X-axis
DV = Y-axis
200
This is the product of meiosis
4 genetically different haploid daughter cells
200
This is a change or threat to survival in a given environment
Selective Pressure
200
This type of selection results in a shift in phenotype towards one of the extreme versions
Directional selection
200
If "F" is the allele for freckles and "f" is the allele for no freckles, what are the possible genotypes for someone with freckles?
Ff or FF
200
Explain how the sequence or number of amino acids can be used to determine common ancestry.
The more similar the amino acid sequence, the more closely related individuals are so they share a more recent common ancestor. The more differences in the sequence, the less recent the common ancestor.
300
Why do cells need to be able to undergo mitosis?
Growth and repair
300
Sketch a before and after graph for a population that underwent stabilizing selection
300
This is how a NEW trait usually enters a population
Random mutation
300
B = Brown, b = blue. Name all 3 possible parent genotypes that could produce blue eyes:
bb X bb
Bb X bb
Bb X Bb
300
If your body cells all have the same DNA, how can they look different and perform different jobs?
Which genes are expressed/ proteins made vary from cell to cell.
400
These are the 2 primary ways that meiosis increases genetic diversity?
Crossing over and independent assortment
400
This is what we call a trait that increases fitness
Adaptation OR Selective Advantage
400
This term refers to how evolution can occur randomly overtime
Genetic Drift (Or the 2 examples of genetic drift: Bottle neck effect/Founder effect)
400
Two heterozygous individuals have children. What are the chances that their child would have the recessive phenotype?
25%
400
If bird beak size is directly correlated with seed size for feeding, what would a population graph look like after a drought caused small seeds to die out?
500
Describe (at least) 3 differences between mitosis and meiosis AND 1 similarity
Meiosis results in 4 cells Mitosis is 2 cells. Meiosis creates genetically different haploid cells mitosis is identical diploid cells. Meiosis has 2 divisions and mitosis has 1. Meiosis has crossing over and mitosis does not.
500
What is the theory of natural selection? Be as specific as possible!
Because there are selective pressures in nature, organisms with heritable traits that favor survival and reproduction will tend to leave more offspring than their peers, causing the traits to increase in frequency over generations.
500
What type of graph would you use to display the following information? How would you label each axis?
Line graph (4 lines)
x = Year
y = Number of lizards with each tail length
500
G = Green, g= stripes
R = round, r = oval
A watermelon heterozygous green and round is crossed with a oval and striped watermelon. What are the odds of having a round striped watermelon?
25%
500
Environmental conditions can impact phenotype