Powder Keg of Europe
Before World War I, this nation alarmed Europe with its rapidly growing military and industrial power.
Germany
This type of warfare developed on the Western Front after neither side could gain an advantage.
Trench warfare
After the czar abdicated, this temporary Russian government took power.
Provisional Government
This prophet is honored in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam as a founding figure of faith.
Abraham
The political and spiritual leaders of Muslim communities were known by this title.
Caliphs
This deadly disease killed millions across Europe during the Middle Ages.
Bubonic plague
This teenage French heroine inspired France to victory in 1429.
Joan of Arc
This invention by Gutenberg dramatically increased the spread of knowledge in Europe.
Printing press
Galileo strengthened support for heliocentrism through these scientific methods.
Observation/ Telescope
The Glorious Revolution established Europe’s first system of this limited monarchy.
Constitutional monarchy
Germany, Italy, and Austria-Hungary formed this alliance in 1882.
Triple Alliance
These rapid-fire weapons made direct infantry assaults extremely deadly during World War I.
Machine gun
This revolutionary group led by Lenin seized power during the Russian Revolution.
Bolsheviks
Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are all considered this type of religion because they believe in one God.
Monotheistic
Muslim armies gained a military advantage through their effective use of this mounted force.
Calvary also gun powder
As plague spread across Europe, Jews were frequently targeted as this.
Scape goat/ they were blamed
The English loss at Orléans marked a turning point in this conflict.
Hundred Years’ War
The artist who painted the “Mona Lisa” was this Renaissance genius.
Leonardo da Vinic
Newton’s “Principia” explained the laws governing motion and this force.
Gravity
This English document guaranteed rights while limiting the monarch’s authority.
English Bill of Rights
The decline of Ottoman control created instability in this European region.
Balkans
Germany’s use of this naval tactic helped pull the United States into World War I.
Unrestricted submarine warfare
This event sparked the Russian Civil War between the Reds and the Whites.
Bolshevik Revolution
In Christianity, Jesus being called the Messiah means he was believed to be this.
Savior
The Sunni-Shi’a split originally centered on disagreement over who should succeed this religious leader.
Muhammad
The labor shortage caused by the plague increased the power of this social class.
Peasant and workers
Political changes in England weakened feudalism by increasing the authority of this institution.
Monarchy
Humanist thinkers emphasized the importance and achievements of these.
Individuals/ individuals
This scientist created the modern classification system for plants and animals.
Linnaeus
The main cause of death among indigenous peoples after European contact was this.
Disease and Small pox
This system of mutual defense agreements helped turn a regional conflict into World War I.
Alliance system
This weapon introduced in World War I caused blindness, choking, and terror in the trenches.
Poison gas
The White armies struggled in the Civil War largely because they lacked this important quality.
Unity through geographical
The forced scattering of Jews outside their homeland became known as this.
Diaspora
The Ottoman practice of allowing conquered peoples to maintain their religions demonstrated this governing policy.
Religious Tolerance
This English weapon devastated French knights during the Hundred Years’ War.
Longbow
The Ottoman capture of Constantinople in 1453 highlighted the growing power of this empire.
Ottoman Empire
The selling of indulgences angered reformers because it appeared the Church was selling this.
Forgiveness/ Buy your sins away
Enlightenment thinkers believed society could improve through the use of this human ability.
Reason
After the Boston Tea Party, Britain punished the colonies by passing these acts.
Intolerable Acts
Many Europeans greeted the outbreak of war in August 1914 with this emotion, believing the conflict would end quickly.
Patriotism
The use of factories, rationing, and civilian labor to support the war effort is known as this type of war.
Total war
After the Civil War, Lenin’s government controlled all industry and production through this economic system.
Leninism or command economy
nlike Christianity and Judaism, Hinduism was often less tolerated by Muslim rulers because it included this belief system.
Polytheism
Under Suleyman the Magnificent, Ottoman law was based on this Islamic legal system.
Sharia Law
The Hundred Years’ War weakened feudalism by strengthening loyalty to this larger political identity.
Nation-State/ Nationalism
Many top Ottoman officials came from boys taken through this system of forced service and conversion.
Devshirme/ Janissaries
This German monk taught that Christians could interpret the Bible without Church officials.
Martin Luther
The Enlightenment was heavily influenced by the discoveries of this intellectual movement.
Scientific Revolution
Enlightenment ideas inspired challenges to absolute monarchy by promoting these natural freedoms.
Natural Rights