Show:
Liminality
History and Tradition
Campbell's Theory of the Monomyth
Characters
Passage Identification
100
This stage marks the individual's rupture from their accepted modus vivendi or way of life.
What is "separation"?
100
Oldest known copy of the Sumerian Gilgamesh dates to this time.
What is 2100 BCE? (Third Dynasty of Ur)
100
Campbell was heavily influenced by this psychologist and his theory of the collective unconscious.
Who is Carl Jung?
100
These radiant numen confer power upon Humbaba.
What are the seven fearsome glories?
100
My friend, we have reduced the forest to a wasteland, how shall we answer Enlil in Nipur? In your might you slew the guardian, what was this wrath of yours that you went trampling the forest?
What is Enkidu addressing Gilgamesh in tablet V of SB epic after the slaying of Humbaba?
200
British cultural anthropologist who developed the theory of liminality.
What is Victor Turner?
200
The Old Babylonian Gilgamesh epic "Surpassing All Other Kings" is edited into the Akkadian language with this title.
What is "He Who Saw The Deep"?
200
Another term for the emanations of heroes, or the possible versions of themselves that they might encounter if heroes venture down a certain path.
What are archetypes?
200
Goddess of birth, she molds Enkidu from clay to be a companion for Gilgamesh.
What is Aruru?
200
Why, my friend, do you raise such unworthy objections? Who, my friend, can go up to heaven? The gods dwell forever in the sun, people's days are numbered, whatever they attempt is a puff of air. Here you are, even you, afraid of death, what has become of your bravery's might?
What is Gilgamesh commenting (to Enkidu) on the transient nature of human existence and the need to establish a legacy through deed?
300
This marks the stage where the individual has come to accept their new environment and embrace its conventions.
What is "aggregation"?
300
Technique of restoring texts as nearly as possible to their original form.
What is Textual Criticism?
300
Marks the final stage of the hero's journey when the hero obtains a boon or treasure to benefit the ordinary world.
What is return with the elixir?
300
Mother of Gilgamesh, she adopts Enkidu and implores Shamash to aid them on their quest.
Who is Ninsun?
300
It is the god, my friend, to whom we go, the wild bull was no enemy at all, the wild bull you saw is Shamash, the protector, he will take our hands in need. The one who gave you water to drink from his waterskin is your god who proclaims your glory, Lugalbanda.
What is Enkidu's false prophecy concerning the Bull of Heaven?
400
Transitionary period where the hero is in limbo or a state of ambiguity.
What is margin or limen?
400
Name of the script that served as the basis for written Sumerian and Akkadian.
What is cuneiform?
400
In this stage, the hero is reluctant to take on the journey because of fears and insecurities that have surfaced from the call to adventure.
What is refusal of the call?
400
Name of the woman who helps facilitate Enkidu's transition from beast to man.
Who is Shamhat?
400
Eat the bread, Enkidu, the staff of life, drink the beer, the custom of the land.
What is Shamhat educating Enkidu in the ways of civilization.
500
Accompany change of place, state, social position and age.
What are rites of passage?
500
Uruk, the city over which Gilgamesh presides, is situated in Mesopotamia, so-called because it lies in the midst of these two rivers.
What are the Tigris and Euphrates?
500
The central life or death crisis, during which the hero faces his or her greatest fear, confronts his or her most difficult challenge, and experiences "death."
What is the ordeal?
500
Chief god on earth, residing at Nipur, usually harsh and inimical to the human race. He appointed Humbaba as the guardian of the Cedar Forest.
Who is Enlil?
500
The stars of heaven around you, like the force of heaven, what kept falling upon you, your trying to move it but not being able to budge it, your laying it down before me, then my making it your partner, your falling in love with it, your caressing it like a woman, means there will come to you a strong one, a companion who rescues a friend.
What is Ninsun interpreting the first of Gilgamesh's dreams that foreshadow the arrival of Enkidu?