Spread of Infection
When the number of new cases of disease are higher than the normal number of cases in a particular area
What is epidemic?
When immediate human-to-human contact transfers an infectious organism
What is direct transmission?
The first case of the disease in a population
What is primary case?
An individual or animal that has an infectious organism and spreads it to others
What is a carrier?
Trying to prevent a disease before it occurs
What is primary prevention?
When the number of disease cases are increasing and spreading across numerous areas and infecting the populations
What is pandemic?
When non-human-to-human contact transfers an infectious organism
What is indirect transmission?
Individuals who became infected after being in contact with the individual who was the first to become infected
What is secondary case?
An individual who has recovered from an infection or disease, but still carries the organism in their body and spreads it to others
What is an active carrier?
Detecting a disease beforehand and trying to prevent it from getting worse
What is secondary prevention?
When a disease is constant in a population
What is endemic?
When an infectious organism transfers from one person to another by traveling through the air
What is airborne transmission?
The very first case of a disease that has been brought to an epidemiologist
What is index case?
An individual who carries an infectious organism in their body, but has not gotten sick from it
What is a healthy carrier?
Trying to improve an individual’s quality of life when they have a disease and are dealing with the symptoms
What is tertiary prevention?
When individuals are becoming infected by disease through both person-to-person contact and exposure to the common agent
What is mixed epidemic?
When an infectious organism is cultivated within an invertebrate animal
What is biological transmission?
When an individual has the same symptoms of a condition or disease, but has not been diagnosed as having the condition or disease
What is suspect case?
An individual, who even though is in the process of healing from the infectious organism, can still spread it to others
What is a convalescent carrier?
An individual changing their lifestyle and behavior in an effort to prevent a disease from occurring
What is active primary prevention?
Epidemics that are caused by infected individuals coming into contact with other individuals and getting them infected
What is propagated epidemics?
When an infectious organism is transferred by physical means
What is mechanical transmission?
A certain set of rules and procedures that are followed to ensure a case is properly diagnosed no matter where a case was first reported
What is case definition?
An individual who carries an infectious organism, is showing symptoms of the disease, and can spread the infectious organism to others
What is a incubatory carrier?
An individual that does not change their lifestyle or behavior in an effort to prevent a disease from occurring
What is passive primary prevention?