Modes of Disease Transmission
What is Direct transmission
a direct and immediate transfer of an infectious agent from one person to another.
contains, spreads, or harbors an infectious organism.
What is common-source epidemics
arise from a specific source.
What is a case
effort to prevent a disease or disorder before it happens.
What is an indirect transmission
an agent is transferred or carried by some intermediate item, organism, means, or process to a susceptible host, resulting in disease.
What is an active carrier
individual who has been exposed to and harbors a disease-causing organism (pathogen) and who has done so for some time, even though the person may have recovered from the disease.
What is propagated epidemics
arise from infections transmitted from one infected person to another.
What is a primary case
What is an active primary prevention
behavior changes on the part of the individual that prevents a disease or disorder before it happens.
What is an Airborne transmission
occurs when droplets of dust particles carry the pathogen to the host and cause infection.
What is a convalescent carrier
individual who harbors a pathogen and who, although in recovery phase of the course of the disease, is still infectious.
What is an epidemic
occurrence of cases of an illness, specific health-related behavior, or other health-related events clearly in excess of normal expectancy in a community or region.
What is an index case
first disease case brought to the attention of the epidemiologist.
What is passive primary prevention
does not require behavior change on the part of the individual in order to prevent as disease or disorder from occurring.
What is a Vector-borne transmission
is when an arthropod conveys the infection agent.
What is an incubatory carrier
individual who has been exposed to and harbors a pathogen, is in the beginning stages of the disease, is displaying symptoms, and has the ability to transmit the disease.
What is a pandemic
is an epidemic affecting or attacking the population of an extensive region, country, or continent.
What are secondary cases
a person who becomes infected from contact with the primary case after the disease has been introduced into the population.
What is secondary prevention
activities aimed at health screening and early detection in order to improve the likelihood of cure and reduce the chances of disability or death.
What is biological transmission
when the pathogen undergoes changes as part of its life cycle while within the host/vector and before being transmitted to the new host.
What is an intermittent carrier
individual who has been exposed to and harbors a pathogen and who can spread the disease in different places or at different intervals.
refers to the ongoing, usual, or constant presence of a disease in a community or among a group of people; a disease is said to be endemic when it continually prevails in a region.
What is a suspect case
What is tertiary prevention
efforts to limited disability by providing rehabilitation where disease, injury, or a disorder has already occured and causes damage.