Vocabulary
The science of understanding how what we're exposed to, or what we do, may affect the overall health of society
What is Epidemiology?
Occurring in a scattered or isolated manner; occurring occasionally, without geographic center/concentration
What is Sporadic?
What is the epidemiology triangle?
This chain shows the process through which infectious disease transmission occurs
What is the chain of infection?
Method of minimizing the effect, struggles, risks and burdens of diseases
What is prevention?
The study of epidemiology centered on disease distribution by studying and covering time, place, and person
What is Descriptive Epidemiology?
Occurring within particular people or population; natural or confined to within a place or population of people; the constant presence of a disease
What is endemic?
What are host, agent, environment, and time?
Diseases that are in the spray or mist that comes out of a person's mouth when they sneeze or cough; Ex: flu or whooping cough
The three levels of prevention
What are primary, secondary, and tertiary levels of prevention?
The study concerned with the cause and effect, as well as the why and how a disease, infection, sickness, etc. spreads
What is Analytic Epidemiology?
The sudden increase of disease above the normal expected level within a community, population, or region
What is an Epidemic?
The component of the epidemiological triangle that impacts exposure, susceptibility, and response
What is the host?
HIV, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C are examples of ____ infections
What are blood-borne infections?
This type of prevention aims to prevent disease or injury before it occurs; enforcement, education, or immunization
What is primary prevention?
Type of transmission that involves direct contact through skin-to-skin contact, kissing, and sexual intercourse or through droplet spread by sneezing, coughing, or talking
What is direct transmission?
An epidemic that has spread almost globally affecting large number of people
The component of the epidemiological triangle that impacts the opportunity for exposure
What is the environment?
Diseases that are carried on tiny particles that stay suspended in the air and travel on air currents; Ex: tuberculosis
What are airborne diseases?
This type of prevention aims to decrease the impact of an ongoing infection, disease, or injury; regular exams/screening, diet/exercise programs, or modified work
What is secondary level of prevention?
Type of transmission that involves airborne transmission (dust or droplet nuclei in the air), vehicles (food, water, blood, and fomites), or vectors (mosquitoes, fleas, and ticks).
What is indirect transmission?
more-than-expected increase in the number of endemic cases; used for a limited geographical area
What is an outbreak?
The component of the epidemiological triangle that causes the spread and impact of the disease
What is the infectious agent?
The six components of the chain of infection
What are the infectious agent, reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry, and susceptible host?
rehabilitation or physical therapy programs, support groups, or disease management programs are part of what level of prevention
What is tertiary level of prevention?