The Basics
the study of the distribution and determinants of health-related states or events in human populations and the application of this study to the prevention and control of health problems.
What is epidemiology?
one who has been exposed to and harbors a disease-causing organism, even after recovery.
What is an active carrier?
immediate transfer of an infectious agent from one person to another.
What is direct transmission?
A nonliving object that harbors an infectious agent.
What is a fomite?
Preventing a disease or disorder before it happens.
What is primary prevention?
the occurrence of cases of an illness, specific health-related behavior, or other health related events.
What is an epidemic?
one who harbors a pathogen and is infectious after recovery.
What is a convalescent carrier?
an agent is transmitted by an intermediate item, organism, means, or process to a host.
What is indirect transmission?
An invertebrate animal that transmits infection by conveying the infectious host from one host to another.
What is a vector?
Aimed at the health screening and detection activities used to identify disease.
What is secondary prevention?
an epidemic that affects or attacks the population of an extensive region
What is a pandemic?
one who harbors a pathogen but has not shown symptoms of a disease.
What is a healthy/passive carrier?
when droplets or dust particles carry the pathogen to the host and cause infection.
What is airborne transmission?
the habitat in or on which an infectious agent lives, grows, and multiplies.
What is a reservoir?
Any attempt to restore an afflicted person to a useful, productive, and satisfying lifestyle.
What is rehabilitation?
the ongoing, usual presence of a disease in a community or among a group of people.
What is an endemic?
one who harbors a pathogen, displays symptoms, and can transmit the disease.
What is an incubatory carrier?
when an arthropod conveys the infectious agent.
What is vector-borne transmission?
contains, spreads, or harbors an infectious organism.
What is a carrier?
The pathogen or disease enters the body through this.
What is portal of entry?
a behavior, environmental exposure, or inherent human characteristic that increases the chance of developing an adverse health outcome.
What is a risk factor?
one who harbors a pathogen and can spread the disease in different places or at different intervals.
What is an intermittent carrier?
when the pathogen undergoes changes as part of its life-cycle within the host and before being transmitted.
What is biological transmission?
An infectious organism in vertebrate animals that can be transmitted to humans through direct contact, a fomite, or a vector.
What is zoonosis?
Disease transmission occurs when the pathogen leaves the reservoir through this.
What is portal of exit?