Foundations of Epidemiology
What is Epidemiology
The study of health-related events in human populations that focuses on the prevention and control of health problems.
What is the Epidemiology Triangle?
A tool that epidemiologist use to help understand the disease.
Who was the first Epidemiologist?
Hippocrates was considered the father of medicine and the first epidemiologist.
When infectious diseases began to be contagious and able to be transmitted this is called
Communicable diseases
What is Active Primary Prevention?
Behavior change in the individual that prevents disease or disorder
What is Descriptive epidemiology?
Explains and obverses the characteristics of the disease; who, where, or when events took place
What is the Agent part of the Epidemiology Triangle?
Agent is what the cause of the disease. (Pathogen, virulence, etc)
What did John Snow investigate and is known for?
John Snow studied and investigated Cholera.
Etiology.
What is Passive Primary Prevention?
No behavior change on the individual in order to prevent disease
What is Analytic epidemiology?
Finding quantifying associations, testing hypothesis, and identifying causes of health-related events.
What is the host part of the Epidemiology triangle?
The human or animal the agent is thriving in. (Persons, groups, and populations.)
What was the instrument that changed medical history forever?
The microscope, we were able to study diseases and medicine.
What are Pathogens?
Activities that are health screened and detection early to improve a cure and reduce chances of death or injury
Name 3 activities in Epidemiology
Can range from:
Identifying risk factors
Why individuals and populations are at greater disease than others
Where the public health problem is greatest
Monitoring disease and other events
Evaluating disease prevention and treatment
What is the Environmental part of the Epidemiology Triangle?
the surroundings and conditions the human or animal was in while the disease was transmitted.
Who was the first to publish the first report on sanitation and public health problems in the Commonwealth of Massachusettes?
Lemuel Shattuck, he discussed the importance of making sure we had a local board of health.
What does WHO stand for, and what does it provide
The World Health Organization, and it provides "internationally endorsed standard diagnostic classifications for general epidemiologic and health management purposes"
What is the role of Epidemiology in Public Health Practice?
Give an example how the epidemiology triangle is used.
Yellow fever:
The environment would be a place mosquitoes are breeding.
Mosquitoes can convey disease-causing organisms to human and animal host.
Based on the triangle we know that the mosquitoes are breeding making the disease spread.
Vitamins are organic components that are in food that help growth, metabolism and good health. They are important in health and history because helped with diseases known as Beriberi, rickets, and pellagra.
What are the four stages relevant to most diseases?
1. Stage of Susceptibility
2. Stage of Presymptomatic disease
3. Stage of clincial disease
4. Stage of recovery or death
What is Tertiary Prevention?
Limit disease by rehabilitation where disease occurred and cause injury.