Cases
A standard set of criteria applied in a specific situation to ensure that cases are consistently diagnosed, regardless of where or when they were identified and who diagnosed the case.
What is the definition of Case?
An individual who has been exposed to and harbors a disease-causing organism and who has done so for some time.
What is an Active Carrier?
Both, Direct Transmission and Indirect Transmission.
What are the Modes of Disease Prevention?
The prevention of a disease or disorder before it happens.
What is Primary Prevention?
The study of distribution & determinants health related states and levels in populations and applying the findings to prevention & control of health problems.
What is Epidemiology?
In a epidemic, the first case in a population.
What is a Primary Case?
A individual who harbors a pathogen and who, in the recovery phase of having the disease, is still infectious.
What is a Convalescent Carrier?
An uninterrupted and immediate transfer of an infectious agent from one person to another.
What is Direct Transmission?
The requirement of change in one's behavior preventing future illness, and/or, disease.
Examples: exercise, stop smoking, etc.
What is Active Prevention?
The characterization of distribution of health-related states and events.
What is Descriptive Epidemiology?
The first disease case brought to attention of Epidemiologist.
What is an Index Case?
An individual exposed to and harbors a pathogen but has no symptoms of being ill.
What is a Healthy Carrier?
It occurs when an agent is transferred and carried by some intermediate item, organism, means, or process to a host, resulting in disease.
What is an Indirect Transmission?
It doesn't require behavior change on part of the individual.
Example: eating vitamin enriched foods
What is Passive Primary Prevention?
Finding and quantifying associations, testing hypothesis, and identifying causes of health-related states and events.
What is Analytic Epidemiology?
A person who becomes infected and ill after a disease has been introduced into a population and is infected as a result of contact with the primary case.
What is a Secondary Case?
An individual exposed to and harbors a pathogen, is at the beginning stages of disease, and has to ability to transmit disease.
What is a Incubatory Carrier?
It occurs when droplets, and/or, dust particles carry a pathogen to a host and cause infection.
What is an Airborne Transmission?
It is aimed at health screening and detection activities used to identify disease.
What is Secondary Prevention?
The ability for a program to produce a desired effect among those who participate in the program compared to those who don't participate.
What is Efficacy in Epidemiology?
An individual who has all signs and symptoms or a disease, and/or, condition but hasn't been diagnosed as having the disease or has the cause of symptoms connected to a suspect pathogen.
What is a Suspect Case?
An individual exposed to and harbors a pathogen. They also can spread disease in different places, and/or, at different intervals.
What is an Intermittent Carrier?
It occurs when an arthropod conveys the infectious agent.
What is a Vector-Borne Transmission?
Limits any disability by providing rehabilitation when a disease, injury, or disorder has already occurred and caused damage.
What is Tertiary Prevention?
The ability of a program to produce benefits among those who are offered in the program.
What is Effectiveness in Epidemiology?