Modes of Transmission
2 primary modes of transmission
What is direct and indirect transmission?
Screenings and early detection
What is secondary prevention?
Also referred to as the infectious agent
What is a pathogen?
Asymptomatic
What is a healthy (passive) carrier?
Very first case
What is a primary case?
When an individual comes in close proximity of a pathogen resulting in an instant transfer
What is direct transmission?
Immunizations are an example of this level of prevention
What is primary prevention?
Where an infectious agent goes into the body
What is the portal of entry?
A person who has or had a disease and still contains the infectious agent
What is an active carrier?
Someone who has been diagnosed with an illness in a community or population
What is a case?
How respiratory diseases like COVID-19 and pneumonia are transmitted
What is airborne transmission?
Rehabilitation is key in this level of prevention
What is tertiary prevention?
All of the chains in the chain of infection
What is the infectious agent (pathogen), reservoir, portal of exit, mode of transmission, portal of entry and susceptible hosts?
Recovering but can can still infect others
What is a convalescent carrier?
Standards that provide important information about a case and the origin
What is case definition?
Drinking water can transmit diseases through this mechanism
What is vehicle-borne transmission?
Eating fruits and leafy greens are classified under this type of prevention
What is passive primary prevention?
Examples of this part of the chain include animals, food, water, and humans
What is the reservoir?
Has been exposed to a pathogen but it can be transferred differently at different times
What is an intermittent carrier?
Someone has loss their taste and smell, but they have not tested positive for COVID-19 yet
What is a suspect case?
A host acts as an environment for a pathogen allowing it to thrive and continue to spread
What is mechanical transmission?
Active primary prevention requires these type of changes
What are behavioral changes?
If an infected individual wore a mask, this chain would be broken
What is portal of exit?
An individual has been exposed to influenza. Two days later they experience congestion and a headache. This early on the carrier can be classified as...
What is an incubatory carrier?
Patient zero would be classifies as this type of case
What is an index case?