Terms
A field of science that studies health problems within populations
What is Epidemiology?
What is Active Carrier?
Aims to prevent disease or injury before it ever occurs
What is Primary Prevention?
Transmission requires close association with the infection host, but not necessarily physical contact
What is Direct Transmission?
A specific causative agent (such as a bacterium or virus) of disease
What is Pathogen?
The host, the agent, the environment, and time.
What is Epidemiology Triangle?
A person capable of transmitting an infectious agent to others during the incubation period of the disease
What is Incubatory Carrier?
Aims to reduce the impact of a disease or injury that has already occurred
What is Secondary Prevention?
Transmission requires a vector, such as an animal or insect
What is Indirect Transmission?
This is the natural environment that the pathogen requires for survival
What is Reservoir?
An epidemic affecting or attacking the population of an extensive region, county, or continent
One who harbors an infectious organism
What is Intermittent Carrier?
Aims to soften the impact of an ongoing illness or injury that has lasting effects
What is Tertiary Prevention?
Occurs when bacteria or viruses travel on dust particles or small respiratory droplets when people sneeze, cough, laugh, or exhale.
What is Airborne Transmission?
This link is needed for the pathogen to leave the reservoir. Example: In humans it may be saliva, feces, or discharges
What is Portal of Exit?
Usual or constant presence of a disease in a community or among a group of people; Ongoing
What is Endemic?
Contaminated with the pathogen and can mechanically transmit it to another host, however not infected
What is Passive Carrier?
Does not require behavior change on the part of the individual in order to prevent a disease or disorder from occurring
What is Passive Primary Prevention?
Related to fomites, food, or water, that acts as a conveyance
What is Vector-borne Transmission?
The pathogen can be transmitted either directly or indirectly
What is Means of Transmission?
This type of disease passes from an animal or insect to a human. Cana Range from minor short- term illness to a major life-changing illness, even death.
What is Zoonosis?
A person who is clinically recovered from an infectious disease but still capable of transmitting the infectiousagent to others
What is Convalescent Carrier?
Behavior change on the part of the individual that prevents a disease or disorder before it happens
What is Active Primary Prevention?
an animal that carries a pathogen from one host to another without being infected itself
What is Mechanical Transmission?
can take place in one of three ways: penetration, inhalation, or ingestion
What is Portal of Entry?