Theories & Principle of Learning
In the Little Albert experiment, Watson first presented this stimulus and then paired it with a loud noise to condition Albert to fear it.
What is the white rat?
Also known as the “fight or flight” system, this nervous system is dominant during times of stress.
What is the sympathetic nervous system?
This brain structure is primarily responsible for maintaining balance, coordination, and fine motor movements.
What is the cerebellum?
Before beginning therapy, a psychologist explains the limits of confidentiality, fees, treatment procedures, and the client's rights. This process is called this.
What is informed consent?
This neurotransmitter is strongly associated with reward, motivation, movement, and psychotic symptoms. Excess activity in certain brain pathways is associated with positive symptoms of schizophrenia.
What is dopamine?
A car makes an annoying beeping sound that stops only after the driver fastens their seat belt. This type of conditioning is being used.
What is negative reinforcement?
Severing the spinal cord anywhere between C1 and C5 results in paralysis in all four limbs termed.
What is quadriplegia?
This lobe is primarily associated with visual processing.
What is the occipital lobe?
A psychologist generally cannot disclose information about a client without permission. This ethical obligation is called this.
What is confidentiality?
A client speaks fluently, but their speech contains many incorrect or meaningless words. They have significant difficulty understanding spoken language, while their speech remains relatively effortless.
What is Wernicke’s aphasia?
You live near an airport, and at first planes flying overhead disturb your sleep. Eventually, you no longer wake up when planes fly overhead. This is an example of this process.
What is habituation?
This nervous system slows heart rate, blood pressure, and respiration while increasing digestion and elimination.
What is the parasympathetic nervous system?
This structure is often described as the brain's major sensory relay station, directing most incoming sensory information to the appropriate area of the cortex.
What is the thalamus?
A psychologist realizes that their new client is a close friend of their spouse. The psychologist believes they can remain objective but recognizes that the relationship could affect treatment. This situation creates a potential problem known as this.
What is a multiple relationship?
After a brain injury, a client can see an object clearly but cannot recognize or identify what the object is, despite having intact basic visual abilities. When asked to identify a familiar object, such as a key, the client cannot determine what it is by sight.
What is agnosia?
A child is motivated to share their ball at recess because they saw their classmate getting praised by the teacher when the classmate shared their colored pencils in class. What specifically is occurring here?
What is vicarious reinforcement?
These are the two main divisions of the nervous system.
What are the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?
In a classic split-brain patient, information presented only to the left visual field is initially processed primarily by this hemisphere.
What is the right hemisphere?
A client tells a psychologist that they plan to seriously harm their spouse tonight and describes a specific plan. The psychologist believes the threat is credible. The psychologist should take action to protect the potential victim rather than simply keeping the information confidential. This is an example of this ethical/legal responsibility.
What is the duty to protect?
An older adult who was hospitalized for an infection suddenly becomes confused and disoriented. Their attention fluctuates throughout the day, and their symptoms developed over the course of several hours. This condition is most consistent with this diagnosis.
What is delirium?
A researcher attempts to train a dog to salivate to a light. The researcher has the dog complete 20 trials in which the food powder is presented followed by a flash of light. At the end of the 20 trials, the dog does not salivate to the light. This is most likely due to:
What is inappropriate pairing?
The primary function of this nervous system is to maintain homeostasis.
What is the autonomic nervous system?
Damage to this structure would most directly interfere with the formation of new explicit memories.
What is the hippocampus?
A psychologist is asked to provide a treatment they have never been trained to perform. The client urgently needs treatment. What is the best course of action?
What is refer the client to a qualified professional who is competent to provide the treatment?
This progressive neurological disorder is characterized by resting tremor, muscular rigidity, slowed movement (bradykinesia), and postural instability. It is associated with degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the substantia nigra.
What is Parkinson’s disease?