Features
Key features of “Science” (DEFINE)
Some of the key features of “Science” are system empiricism, empirical questions, public knowledge, and scientific claims must be falsifiable
Independent variable (DEFINE)
a variable (often denoted by x) whose variation does not depend on that of another
Experimental studies (CONNECT/COMPARE)
Experimental studies are used to test a hypothesis with controlled variables and see how well a program or treatment works in different settings. Sleep testing would be one example.
Simple random sample (DEFINE)
a subset of a statistical population in which each member of the subset has an equal probability of being chosen.
Population (DEFINE)
A specific section, group, or type of people or animals living in an area or country is referred to.
Key features of Pseudoscience (CONNECT/COMPARE)
Pseudoscience refers to ideas or connections that sound scientific or are often misinterpreted as scientific. We can compare this to the characteristics of science, where statements genuinely link to the empirical method and public knowledge. For instance, people are attempting to argue against vaccinating their children, despite the fact that there is no proof that vaccines cause autism.
Dependent variable (CONNECT/COMPARE)
In the experiment, the independent variable impacts and assesses the dependent variable. The amount of time each student has to study, for instance, would be the independent variable in an experiment examining the relationship between study time and test scores, while the results of each student's test scores would be the dependent variable.
Quasi-experimental design studies (CONNECT/COMPARE)
When a sample is taken in groups as opposed to at random, this is known as a quasi-experimental design. In contrast to a traditional sampling technique, this one can be applied in situations where random sampling is not a realistic option. However, there is potential for confounding variables to affect the results when randomization is not used. An illustration of this would be a physician examining the effects of a novel medication. In a quasi-experiment, the doctor would divide the population so that 70% receive the drug and 30% do not, as opposed to randomly assigning who gets it and who does not
Stratified random sample (CONNECT/COMPARE)
Rather than choosing individuals at random, the population is split up into groups according to common traits, and each group is polled separately before the data are compiled and examined. For instance, you may separate a group of people in a room based on their hair color or if they
Confounding variable (also known as the “third variable problem”) (CONNECT/COMPARE)
An underlying element that might be influencing an experiment's outcomes is known as the confounding variable. Test scores, for instance, may be impacted by the amount of time spent studying, but other factors that could influence the results include the student's past mastery of the material or the caliber of the instructions.
Sample (DEFINE)
Take a sample or samples of (something) for analysis.