Spirit of Reform
Christianity
Known as the "father of public-school education "whose ideas transformed public education, which included improving teachers’ training and salaries, building more schools, and extending the school year
A reformer who wanted to end slavery
What is an abolitionist?
A meeting organized by women that pushed for gender equality and is credited as the origin of the women’s rights movement
Seneca Falls Convention
Change or attempts to make improvements to inequities in a society
What is Reform?
Christian religious movement that supported free will and the ability to achieve salvation through one’s actions, as opposed to earlier beliefs that people had no control over their destinies
The Second Great Awakening
Who gained access to free public-school education FIRST?
White children especially boys
Abolitionist who published The Liberator, which was the most influential anti-slavery newspaper in the United States.
William Llyod Garrison
Author of the Declaration of Sentiments and women’s rights activist who founded the National Woman Suffrage Association with Susan B. Anthony
Elizabeth Cady Stantion
The movement that encouraged Americans to abstain from drinking
What is the Temperance Movement?
Going beyond purely logical thinking and trusting one's emotions and intuition. Questioning society's rules and institutions.
What is Transcendentalism?
Groups of people that still needed educational opportunities.
What are Girls and African Americans?
Abolitionist who was a famous speaker at anti-slavery rallies, wrote a national bestseller autobiography about his experiences as an enslaved person, and published the anti-slavery newspaper called the North Star
Fredrick Douglass
Women’s rights activist and public speaker who fought against gender and racial discrimination and helped organize the Seneca Falls Convention
Lucretia Mott
The movement led Christians to view slavery as a sin
What is The Second Great Awakening?
Belief that each individual person is important and offers value
Individualism
What challenges or obstacles did Girls and African Americans face while trying to go to school?
Most high schools and Colleges did not admit girls.
Many states passed laws to keep African Americans out of school.
When Prudence Crandall opened a school for African American Children. White parents threw rocks at the school
Abolitionist, women’s rights advocate, and preacher who traveled the country to speak out against the ideas of gender or racial inferiority
Who is Sojourner Truth?
Document written by Elizabeth Cady Stanton that was modeled after the Declaration of Independence and demanded women’s rights
Declaration of Sentiments
Leader in prison reform and an advocate for people suffering from mental illnesses, whose efforts resulted in the first mental asylums in the United States
Who is Dorthea Dix?
Refusal to obey unjust laws in a nonviolent manner.
What is Civil Disobedience?
Why was there a need for public schools?
Only the rich could afford to pay for private tutors or hired tutors. In cities some poor children would destroy property, steal, or start fires.
Invention that allowed for greater production of cotton, reduces cost of production, raised profit
What is the Cotton Gin?
3 Challenges or Obstacles Women Obstacles women faced in the 1800s
Domestic Violence/beatings
Unable to Vote or Hold Office
No Control over property or wages
Not allowed to speak publicly
What progress did women's rights make? What rights did women gain in the 1800s?
New York gave women control over their property and wages. Massachusetts and Indiana passed more liberal divorce laws.