Bioterrorism
Caused by Bacterial zoonosis Francisella Tularensis
What is tularemia
Precautions required for tularemia
Standard No person to person transmission
Nursing care for a patient with Ebola includes:
Supportive care is all that is available.
IV fluids, ventilator, fever control
40-90% fatality rate
ESI stands for
What is emergency severity index
What are: Labs, EKG, Xrays, CT, MRI, ultrasound, angiography, IV fluids, IV or IM or nebulized meds, Specialist consultation,
Caused by Yersinia pestis found in rodents and their fleas
What is plague
Precautions required for anthrax
Standard precautions. No person to person transmission
Antibiotics can be used to treat which:
Anthrax, Tularemia, Plague, can be used in botulism if wounds are infected with botulinum
Included in the primary survey
Threatened patient needing multiple nurse contact and intervention would be ESI of
What is 2?
ESI of 2
Botulism kills people by causing this
What is complete muscle paralysis
Includes respiratory muscles
Precautions for smallpox
What are droplet and contact precautions
Botulism is treated with:
Botulinum antitoxin Most effective if given within 24 hrs.
Included in the secondary survey
What is existence of all other injuries
Head to toe assessment, history, diagnostic testing
Priority concern for all ER Nurses
What is safety
Found in infected water/food/air, soil, vegetation, small mammals, ticks, fleas and mosquitoes
What is tularemia
Precautions for pneumonic plague
What are droplet precautions including N95
Septicemic and Bubonic are standard precautions No person to person transmission
Vaccines are available for which agents of bioterrorism?
Smallpox, anthrax
Factors influencing psychosocial needs in Emergency Care
What are little time to prepare, loss of control disruption in roles and routines, perceived danger to and emotional impact on patient and family.
An ER patient is intoxicated and has been in a motor vehicle crash. Obvious facial fractures, head laceration, and ecchymosis over the abdomen. The patient is cursing and belligerent. Number one thing nurse needs to do?
Treat the physical condition first Needs head CT, facial films and abdominal CT. Maintain safety for all.
Most potent lethal substance known to human s
What is botulism
Precautions for Ebola
Droplet, respiratory, contact. Preferably Hazmat suits. Shoes/feet covered. Highly contagious via body fluids and respiratory secretions.
Organisms that are in Category A (high priority) bioterrorism threat
What are: Smallpox
Anthrax
Botulism
Hemorrhagic fever viruses
Plague
Tularemia
At least three complications post trauma:
What are: Multi system organ failure
ARDS Disability
Sepsis Acidosis
Renal failure Shock
Pneumonia
DIC-coagulation problems
Four questions nurses should ask themselves in determining ESI categories:
What are: Is the patient dying?
Is this a patient who should not wait?
How many resources are needed?
What are the patient's vital signs?