Good
Choose the type of current.
occurs when seawater is blown or dragged away from a region of the ocean, lowering the sea level below the average
surface current
upwelling
downwelling
density current
What is upwelling?
True or False. The best tactic when caught in a rip current is to swim directly away from shore with the current.
What is false?
It is best to swim parallel to the beach at a right angle to the current.
Choose the type of current.
winds
Choose the type of current.
winds
surface current
upwelling
downwelling
density current
What is surface current?
True or False. If a scuba diver ascends to the surface too quickly after a deep dive, oxygen bubbles can form in his blood, causing the bends.
What is false?
Choose the sampling method.
taking sediment cores
What is small area sampling?
True or False. Because they are inexpensive and have little environmental or economic impact, most tidal power plant projects are large.
What is false?
Tidal power plants are usually small because they are expensive and often interfere with wildlife and ocean transportation.
Choose the type of current.
underwater mudslide
surface current
upwelling
downwelling
density current
What is density current?
True or False. People can’t explore most of the ocean in person
What is true?
Choose the sampling method.
tracking warm-water currents using a satellite
What is wide area sampling?
Which of the following factors directly affect the height of a wave? Select all that apply.
wind speed
fetch
water temperature
water depth
What is wind speed, fetch, and water depth?
Choose the type of current.
occurs when seawater piles up, as in the middle of a gyre or against a shore
surface current
upwelling
downwelling
density current
What is downwelling?
Choose the sampling method.
testing water clarity
What is small area sampling?
Which of the following are advantages of tidal power generation? Select all that apply.
Tides are driven by gravity, so tidal power generation is inexhaustible.
Tides occur regularly due to astronomical influences, so tidal power generation is reliable.
Tidal dams must be designed to allow boats and ships to pass.
Tidal generation facilities do not produce any kind of waste products, so they are nonpolluting.
What is tides are driven by gravity, so tidal power generation is inexhaustible, tides occur regularly due to astronomical influences, so tidal power generation is reliable, and tidal generation facilities do not produce any kind of waste products, so they are nonpolluting?
Which of the following terms are related to thermohaline currents? Select all that apply.
countercurrents
density currents
subsurface currents
rip currents
What is density currents and subsurface currents?
Choose the sampling method.
collecting data about wave height using a system of automated buoys
What is wide area sampling
The use of lead lines to determine water depth was eventually replaced by __technology.
What is sonar?
When did people probably first begin to explore the earth and sail the oceans, according to the biblical narrative?
This probably occurred sometime after the Fall, perhaps around Noah’s time.
For data about weather and sea conditions at a given location, oceanographers will use weather __.
What is buoys?
Freebee
WHOOOOOOOO
The air pressure supplied to a diver's lungs needs to be __ sea pressure for the diver to be able to inhale air from an air tank or hose.
What is equal to or greater than?
What are some advantages and disadvantages of harnessing the ocean tides for electrical power generation?
Advantages: Once in operation, the cost of generating tidal power is very low compared with other forms of energy. Tidal power is nonpolluting, regular, predictable, and inexhaustible.
Disadvantages: Relatively few places around the world can economically produce energy from tides. Tidal dams block or divert shipping, seriously impeding the local economy and recreation. Tidal dams that completely isolate bodies of water can interfere with the local ecology. Overall, building tidal energy projects is very expensive compared with building land facilities having similar power capacities.
Briefly sketch a history of underwater exploration, including the kinds of technology used and the ways that humans have directly explored the depths.
Early underwater exploration was limited to surface dives for food and valuable natural products. The earliest underwater technology involved diving bells for salvage and construction work. Later, air-fed hard-hat diving allowed for longer times on the bottom and some mobility. Other than the invention of submarines mainly for military purposes, little changed. The tethered and armored Bathysphere permitted human observers to go several thousand feet into the depths. Mobile bathyscaphes were developed that dove even deeper and allowed limited exploration of the deep-sea bottom. Later, scuba equipment finally gave humans the freedom to swim like a fish. Bathyscaphes evolved into deep submergence vehicles (DSVs), exploring the deepest points in the oceans. The costs and hazards of humans going to these places drove the development of tethered remotely operated vehicles (ROVs) as well as untethered unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) that today can explore the ocean depths for long periods without humans aboard. Human divers are still limited to a small percentage of the ocean depths, even with special mixed-gas diving.
Describe several ways that an oceanographer can fulfill the Creation Mandate.
Oceanographers help sustain fisheries by studying fish life cycles and populations. Studies of changes in ocean currents, salinity, and temperature help us to maintain this resource and may inform decisions regarding wetlands and beaches. Tides and waves may be harnessed to generate energy. The broader impact of the ocean on climate change is of global importance. Products from marine organisms can be used for medicines.
Order the historical events chronologically.
A. the Age of Exploration
B. construction of the oldest-known boat, found in Kuwait
C. navigation by stars and coastlines
D. the Flood
E. the HMS Challenger expedition
What is D, B, C, A, E?
What was the significance of the HMS Challenger expedition?
The HMS Challenger expedition was the first true oceanographic expedition. The expedition took four years and collected so much data that it took decades to analyze it all.