Plate Tectonics
What is Pangea?
The word to describe a calm volcanic eruption
What is effusive?
The natural disaster credited with creating the Hawaiian Islands
What is a volcano?
This process, occurring at mid-ocean ridges, continuously adds new material to the ocean floor.
What is sea-floor spreading?
This layer of the earth is where fossils would be found
What is the crust?
The 4 layers of the earth in order from the outside to the inside
What is the crust, mantle, outer core and inner core
The nickname for the location of most of the world's volcano's
Where is the Ring of Fire
Type of plate boundary where two plates collide
What is a convergent plate boundary
In this process, older oceanic crust sinks beneath deep-ocean trenches and returns to the mantle.
What is subduction?
Two pieces of evidence that support the theory of plate tectonics
What are:
Fossils of same species on different continents Continents seemingly fitting together
Fossils of species that wouldn't live in that location
Others....
The two factors that determine how explosive a volcano eruption is
Viscosity and Gas Content
This type of volcano is characterized by explosive eruptions and steep, cone-shaped slopes.
What is a composite volcano (or stratovolcano) ?
Type of rock formed when magma/lava cools
What is igneous rock?
This ocean is currently expanding as its floor spreads, pushing continents along its edges.
What is the Atlantic Ocean?
This type of volcano is responsible for the Hawaiian islands
What is a shield volcano
Largest continental plate
Pacific Plate
The largest type of volcano made from effusive eruptions
What is a shield volcano?
The type of plate boundary that creates mountains
What is continental-continental convergent boundary
The ocean floor contains patterns of these, which provide a record of Earth's magnetic field reversals.
What are magnetic stripes?
This type of magma is higher in SiO2 and thus thicker and typically involved in explosive erruptions
What is felsic magma
3 Natural disasters caused by sudden movement of plate tectonics would be:
What is earthquakes, tsunami, land slides
The two types of transfer of heat that aid tectonic plates in moving?
What is convection and conduction
The discovery of these undersea weird shaped rocks at mid-ocean ridges helped confirm the theory of sea-floor spreading.
What are pillow-shaped rocks?
Scientists use this device, which bounces sound waves off underwater objects, to map the ocean floor.
What is sonar?
This scientist originally proposed the idea of continental drift, which led to the development of plate tectonics.
Who is Alfred Wegener?