Cardiovascular
What is the structure that allows for coordinated contraction of cardiac cells? (Not in skeletal or smooth)
Intercalated discs
What percent of air is composed of CO2?
0.03%
Define the anticipatory response?
Increasing HR, Breathing, Epinephrine... to prepare for exercise BEFORE it begins
What is a benefit of machines over free weights?
Many...
What is the capital of Wisconsin?
Madison
Stroke volume increases most at what exercise intensity? (light, moderate, or heavy)?
Moderate (40 -60% of VO2 max)
DAILY DOUBLE (If correct you'll shoot a trashetball shot to double points)
Describe 1 of the major dangers of scuba diving and explain the physiology.
The Bends
Pulmonary Overexpansion
What is the primary benefit of the Valsalva maneuver AND what is the negative for older patients?
Increased spine stability.... increased blood pressure
Give an example how the principle of specificity is applied to an athlete of your choice
Many ways...
An old man wants to improve his outdoor rock climbing. Apply 3 concepts from class and explain how it will help his performance.
What a chump
How do you calculate mean arterial pressure (MAP)?
Cardiac output x systemic vascular resistance
What percent of CO2 travels bound to hemoglobin?
20 - 33%
What percentage of oxygen is extracted at the capillary during maximal exercise?
75%
A maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) assess what SPECFIC exercise capacity?
Static/Isometric strength
Discuss how chronic aerobic training changes resting heart rate.
Increased SV so HR is lower at the same intensity.
HR x SV = CO
Label important anatomy of the heart as blood flows through it (vena cava to aorta)
Right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta
Describe how pressure and volume changed during inspiration AND expiration.
Inspiration: Decreased pressure (mmHg), increased volume
Expiration: Increased pressure, decreased volume
Draw a graph showing how blood pressure responds to increasingly more difficult exercise. (label axis with units)
I'll draw it.
Give an example of how volume and intensity change throughout a year of training?
Inverse relationship. Lots of reps (high volume) means lighter weights (low intensity)..
Draw a graph showing how an increase in preload effects stroke volume (label axis)
NOT ON THE EXAM
Fun stuff...
Explain 3 of the following regulators of blood flow...
- Endothelial
- Myogenic
- Metabolic
- Epinephrine
Yup