Chemical energy is released from bonds in _____, _____, & ______ to provide the body with energy.
What are fat, carbs and proteins?
100
Cardiac output = ?
What is SV times HR?
100
Define glycemic index.
What is relative measure of the increase in blood glucose in a 2 hour period following ingestion of a food with 50 g of carbs?
100
What is the gold standard for body composition?
What is DEXA scan?
100
What happens to lactate threshold with endurance training?
It occurs later during exercise. Why?
200
In aerobic metabolism the majority of ATP is produced where?
What is ETC?
200
What happens during systole?
What is ventricular contraction?
200
Name two micronutrients.
What are vitamins and minerals? What is the difference?
200
Name the female triad.
What is abnormal menses, eating disorder and osteoporosis?
200
Lactate threshold represents what?
What is the point at which NADH's created by glycolysis are > the mito's ability to utilize them? This leads to what?
300
In anaerobic metabolism, the majority of ATP is produced where?
What is glycolysis/glycogenolysis?
300
Name intrinsic factor that controls HR.
What is autorhythmicity?
300
Name the 3 macronutrients.
What are fats, carbs & proteins?
300
Name the safest & most effective ergogenic aid to increase O2 delivery.
What is hypobaric tents?
300
Beta oxidation is the process of breaking down _____ into _______?
What is fatty acid into multiple acetyl-CoA?
400
Where do the hydrogen ions and electrons needed to complete aerobic metabolism come from (2 answers)?
What are glycolysis and Krebs cycle?
400
What is responsible for the initial increase in HR from rest to exercise?
What is decrease in parasympathetic tone (decrease acetylocholine to SA node via vagus nerve)?
400
What defines a high-carb diest?
What is > 50% carb diet?
400
Describe the best way to train a moderately trained individual to improve his/her VO2 max.
What is interval training? 3-4 hard workouts/week
400
Name the different ways for heat transfer.
What are radiation, convection, conduction, & evaporation?
500
Primary function of Krebs cycle?
What is to produce hydrogen ions (NADH & FADH2)?
500
Compare and contrast skeletal and cardiac muscle.
Both striated, both have actin and mysoin, both increase in size with training.
Skeletal multi-nucleated (cardiac not-no satellite cells), intercalated discs in heart
500
List several things to improve gastric empyting
What are foods low in fat and fiber, hypotonic solution?
500
Name the 3 primary factors that define Metabolic syndrome.
What are central/abdominal obesity, HTN and diabetes?
500
Training adaptations to endurance exercise.
What are: type I become smaller, increase in size and density of mito, increase in intramuscular fat, increase in myoglobin content, increase in aerobic enzymes.